From Republic to Empire Chapter 11, Section 1 From Republic to Empire

From Republic to Empire The time was 70 BC and Rome was dangerous: There was unrest throughout the city; Political leaders incited RIOTS to gain support; Generals went to war to increase their power; The assassination of political leaders was commonplace; and more and more people moved to Rome looking for government assistance

Men emerged who spoke out and offered solutions on how to stop the fall of the Roman Republic. One such man was Cicero.

"The budget should be balanced, the Treasury should be refilled, public debt should be reduced, the arrogance of officialdom should be tempered and controlled, and the assistance to foreign lands should be curtailed, lest Rome become bankrupt. People must again learn to work instead of living on public assistance."        - Cicero , 55 BC     "The budget should be balanced, the Treasury should be refilled, public debt should be reduced, the arrogance of officialdom should be tempered & controlled, and the assistance to foreign lands should be curtailed, lest Rome become bankrupt. People must again learn to work instead of living on public assistance."

Stop the Chaos Cicero (circa 70 BC) Philosopher & Public Speaker How did Cicero propose to “fix” Rome? 1. Balance the Budget, 2. stop the politics, 3. reduce foreign aid, 4. Get people jobs and off welfare, 5. limit the power of the generals 6. restore power of the Senate, 7. restore checks and balances However, Cicero was ignored.

Debt Problem Like Rome, the United States has a BIG Today http://www.usdebtclocks.com/

Rome fell into chaos, riots were commonplace. 3 Men plotted to take control of the government. Together they join forces and created the 1st Triumvirate?

1st Triumvirate, 60 BC The three men were: Crassus, Pompey, and Caesar

-Cra$$u$ -Pompey General and “businessman” How much $$$? Fate: http://www.instash.com/top-10-richest-men-of-all-time https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E09LNE16dqE Fate: Died in battle fighting Parthian empire, 53BC. World famous for his greed, it is alleged the Parthians force liquid gold down his throat. -Pompey Wished to Restore rule of the Senate Began to fear Caesar , who was becoming a successful General & very popular with the Mob.

Pompey & Caesar 50 BC Pompey & his allies in the Senate ordered Caesar to break up his legions. Instead Caesar entered Rome with his legions and took control of Rome. Pompey and his allies fled Italy. 48 BC Caesar pursued Pompey and defeated him in Greece. Pompey fled to Egypt & was killed by Egyptians. 45 BC Caesar, the last man standing and declared himself dictator of Rome By 45 BC was dictator.

Caesar Great general who conquered Gaul 50 BC Gained public support because of -his victories and -speeches at the Forum

Caesar -Redistribute state owned land. -Founded new colonies overseas. How Caesar tried to “save” Republic -Redistribute state owned land. -Founded new colonies overseas. -Provided many jobs: Instituted Public Works such as build roads, buildings, and drainage systems. -Made gladiatorial games free to public. -Doubled size of the Senate. -Extended Roman citizenship to Greeks, Spaniards, and Gauls. -Reduced role of the Publicans

Caesar… Reforms Work? What did Caesar do to “restore” the republic? Made government BIGGER not smaller. The Roman Republic is fading fast, however, Caesar was gaining popularity of people because the government was providing -food, -housing, -many jobs, and -free entertainment Do the people even care what the government is turning into?

Government back to its original purpose (To keep peace and protect). By 40BC, the Roman Republic is nearly over. Is there any way to save the Republic? Devise a plan to return Government back to its original purpose (To keep peace and protect). Identify the problem: Too many ignorant people voting for free handout people must inform themselves or must be eliminated from voting process How? Solution: Rome The Rise and Fall of an Empire Episode 3 Julius Caesar Documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQ8jcCtVbNg

Religion Table Assign Religion Table: due in about 10 days before start of 11-2 When complete create 6 Pods Each Pod presents (allow 2 days) When finished, other pods have opportunity to add anything not covered Each pod gets 1 point for adding something important. If “of most importance” presenting pod loses a point Points to be added to Chapt. 11 Test All negative scores go to ZERO at end of presentations