ASPARTIC ACID AND ASPARAGINE METABOLISM

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ASPARTIC ACID AND ASPARAGINE METABOLISM By- Maya Yadav Roll No.-46 HIMS MBBS Ist Year

Aspartic Acid Non-essential amino acid. Glucogenic amino acid. Acidic amino acid.

Source Our cell can make aspartic acid so it can’t be typically needed as part of our diet. But it can be supplemented through other sources in diet. Animal source- egg, meat and dairy product Plant source- Barley,oat, millet, white rice and amaranthus

Synthesis Transamination- Aspartate are synthesized by transfer of amino group to the alpha keto acid oxaloacetate.

By Asparagine Asparagine is converted to aspartate with the help of enzyme asparaginase.

Metabolism N1 is correct, N3 is wrong

Role in Urea cycle Aspartate donates one amino group for the synthesis of urea. Aspartate forms a connecting link between urea cycle and TCA cycle via oxaloacetate.

Role in Purine metabolism It is utilized in the synthesis of purine at N1 and NH2 at sixth position. NH₂

Role in Pyrimidine metabolism In pyrimidine synthesis N3,C4,C5 and C6 atoms are synthesized from aspartate. 6 5 4 N1 correct

Role in Glucogenic pathway The carbon skeleton of aspartate can enter the glucogenic pathway as fumarate. Citrulline + Aspartate Arginine + Fumarate

Synthesis of Aspartame Aspartic acid react with phenylalanine form aspartame which is a artificial sweetener. It is a mild irritant of the nervous system. Aspartic acid + phenylalanine Aspartame

Help in synthesis of another amino acid Amino acid like asparagine, arginine, lysine , methionine,threoinine and isoleucine are synthesized from aspartic acid.

Function of Aspartic acid Aspartic acid act as a regulator in synthesis and release of hormone and neurochemicals. In pituitary glands, aspartic acid stimulates the secretion of following hormones – Prolactin LH Growth hormone Aspartic acid act as a chelating agent. Chelate the minerals to make easier them to assimilate,digest and utilize as calcium, magnesium and potassium aspartate. Aspartic acid increases the neurological activity.

Role in transport of reducing equivalent NADH that synthesized from glycolysis is present in cytosol. Mitochondrial membrane is impermeable for the transport of the above . So a specific shuttle is present over the mitochondrial membrane called malate aspartate shuttle for this transport.

Clinical Applications Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Exercise recovery and performance .

Asparagine It is so named because it is isolated from asparagus. It was first discovered amino acid. Vauquelin and Robiquet in 1906 isolated asparagine. It was shown to be a member of all proteins by Manayath Darmodaran in 1932.

ASPARAGINE IS- Non essential amino acid Glucogenic amino acid

Synthesis From Aspartate Aspartate reacts with ammonia to form asparagine.

Catabolism Hydrolysis of asparagine-

Function Help in development and function of brain. Important role in the synthesis of ammonia. Has a role in glycosylation for protein structure and function. Role in protein biosynthesis. Ammonia trapping in the brain.

Clinical applications of asparagine Excess intake of asparagine can cause leukemia and lymphomas. Enzyme asparaginase act as a anticancerous agent use for the treatment of leukemia and lymphomas. Asparaginase convert excess asparagine into aspartic acid.

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