What is the best method for constructing schools in Palestine ? An-najah National University Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department Graduation project II By: Abdelhafeed Alia Fadi Jallad Nazim Hwaide Sameh Bdair Supervisor: Dr. Barraq Jum’aa

Introduction The most important part of our project, the soul of it, is represented by integration between two giant aspects of our profession (civil engineering); Construction and Structural Design, and Project management and Quantity Surveying.

Project Management

Site Description Al-Makhfiah Secondary School

Site Description Al-Makhfia Secondary Boys School located at Al-Makhfia area in the south of Nablus. The school consists of four floors; Basement, Ground, First and Second Floor, with total area of (1920 m2). It contains twelve different classrooms, scientific Lab. and Library, Computer Lab. In addition, Headmaster Room, Social worker Room, Teachers’ Room and Multipurpose Hall.

Site Description The project owner is “The Palestinian National Authority- Ministry of Education” and it was funded by “The Islamic Bank” for one million dollar, and it took more than a year to be executed completely, the supervisor and the designer of the project was “Seraj Engineering Office”.

Methodology Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Resources and Prices Primavera input Construction methods

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Al-Makhfia School

Quantity Surveying & Prices Assumptions: Profit plus Indirect Cost = 20% of the total cost. Costing in New Israeli Shekel currency and take (1$=3.7 NIS). Electrical & Mechanical works are done by a sub-contractor.

Footings Example of footing Materials in Footing steel Concrete No. Area m² Length m Volume (m³) Width Depth Volume (m³) 14 0.201 2.50 0.007 2.478 1.8 0.6 2.676 3 4.10 0.0025 12 2.40 0.0057 4.92 0.0029 Total 0.0181

Bid Price For 1m³ = (656.6/3.7)×1.2= 213 $ , Taken 280 $ footings Cost Of 1m³ Of Footing Item Quantity Cost (NIS)/Unit Total Cost(NIS) Steel 0.143 Ton 3500 500.5 Concrete 2.676 m³ 350 936.6 Labor 170 Tools 150 Total 1757.1 Total / m³ 656.61 Bid Price For 1m³ = (656.6/3.7)×1.2= 213 $ , Taken 280 $ Steel Density = 7.90 ton/m³

Columns Example of column Materials In Column Steel Concrete No. Area m² Length m Volume (m³) Width Depth 12 0.201 1 0.00241 0.55 0.30 0.165 5 0.050 1.7 0.00035 Total 0.00276

Bid Price For 1 m³ = 1055*1.2/3.7 = 342.16$, Taken 410 $ Columns Cost Of 1 m³ Of Column Item Quantity Cost (NIS) / Unit Total Cost (NIS) Steel 0.0218 3500 76.314 Concrete 0.165 350 57.75 Labor 40 Total 174.064 Total / 1 m³ 1055 Bid Price For 1 m³ = 1055*1.2/3.7 = 342.16$, Taken 410 $ Steel Density = 7.90 ton/m³

Slabs Example of slab Materials In Slab Steel/Rib Concrete/Rib No. Area (m²) Length (m) Volume (m³) Width Depth Total 2 (Top) 0.113 1 0.00022 0.55 0.06 0.033 0.051 2 (Bottom) 0.15 0.14 0.021 5 (Stirrups) 0.0503 0.56 0.00014 Block/Rib 3 (Shrinkage) 0.00015 Units 0.00073 0.4 0.2 5

Bid Price For 1 m³ = 200.95*1.2/3.7 = 65.17 $ , Taken 80 $ Slabs Cost of 1 m² of Slab Item Quantity Cost (NIS)/Unit Total Cost (NIS) Steel 0.0115 3500 40.25 Concrete 0.102 350 35.7 Block 10 2.5 25.0 Labor 50 50.0 Tools Total / 1 m³ 200.95 Bid Price For 1 m³ = 200.95*1.2/3.7 = 65.17 $ , Taken 80 $

Design Check Analysis of 3-D model for AL-Makhfiah Secondary School using SAP 14, ACI 318-8/IBC2009 code. 1. Design Criteria: Live Loads = 300kg/m² for classrooms. = 500kg/m² for labs. = 300kg/m² for stairs Super Imposed Dead Loads = 350 kg/m² Foundation Depth = 1.5 m Soil Bearing Capacity = 4kg/cm²

Using SAP, area of steel was checked at slab, column C2 and footing SF2-1, and we use in design load 71.6 ton to design footing SF2-1, but we use maximum load 116.9 ton to design column C2. Item Area of steel (mm2) Check (OK/Not) SAP Actual Slab (per m2) 315 494 OK Column 1980 2413 Footing Bottom 2101 2815 Footing Top Use min 620   2413

Method I Construction Methods

Traditional Method

Summary Item Description Total($) No. 1 Excavations, Backfilling and site work. 27095 No. 2 Concrete Works. 300912 No. 3 Stone Works. 113321 No. 4 Concrete Block works. 8387 No. 5 Plastering. 63764 No. 6 Tiling, Flooring and Marble works. 53132 No. 7 Carpentry and Joinery Works. 35240 No. 8 Steel and Aluminum Works. 60675 No. 9 Painting Works. 21774 No. 10 Insulation, Roofing and Expansion and/or Seismic Joints. 20094 No. 11 External Works. 210000 No. 12 Electrical Works. 40000 No. 13 Plumbing, Sanitary and Mechanical Works. Grand Total 994394   Note: All Prices Include VAT The sum of …………… 994394 ………….US$ …………… 3,679,232 ………….NIS

Method II Construction Methods

Tunnel Framing Systems

Tunnel Framing Systems

Tunnel Framing Systems Item Traditional Method Tunnel Framing Method Difference Total Duration (Calendar Days) 308 241 67 Total Cost (NIS) 3,679,231 3,756,858 77,627

Method III Construction Method

Pre-stressed Concrete

Pre-stressed Concrete

Pre-stressed Concrete Item Traditional Method Pre-stressed Concrete Method Difference Total Duration (Calendar Days) 308 120 188 Total Cost (NIS) 3,679,231 4,022,303 343,072

Tunnel Framing System Method Pre-stressed Concrete Method Conclusion Item Tunnel Framing System Method Pre-stressed Concrete Method Difference Total Duration (Calendar Days) 241 120 121 Total Cost (NIS) 3,756,858 4,022,303 265445

Thank you for attention