agenda Current News Chapter Five (finish up) a few topics Chapter Six POLICING: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

A strange Case http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-brandon-colbert-competent-20171012- story.html

Chapter six POLICING: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Police personality and Culture New law enforcement officers learn from their assigned seasoned, training officer What is police subculture?- A particular set of values, beliefs, and acceptable forms of behavior characteristic of American police (The set of informal values)

Police Subculture cont’d Police subculture- is defined as a specific set of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors exhibited by those in law enforcement. Because police officers spend the majority of their time dealing with crime, they tend to view members of the public as untrustworthy and potentially hostile.

Police personality and Culture Streetwise Streetwise cops know what official department policy is, but they also know the most efficient way to get the job done.

Corruption and Integrity Police Corruption- The abuse of police authority for personal or organizational gain http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/lapd/scandal/cron.html

Types and examples of police corruption Physical abuse Denial of Civil Rights Criminal Enterprise Committing property crimes Major Bribes Destruction of evidence Being above the law Minor bribes Playing favorites (selective enforcement Gratuities

GRATUITIES Acceptance of small favors, such as free coffee and meals How minimal is justified? How can you not participate or engage in gratuities? What would you do at this establishment?

Police Officers abuse of confidential Databases http://bigstory.ap.org/article/699236946e3140659fff8a2362e16f43/ap-across-us- police-officers-abuse-confidential-databases Confidential data base exercise

Exercise Class take out a piece of lined paper and complete the following exercise individually

CORRUPTION AND INTEGRITY CONT’D

INTEGRITY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=buNwwAximcE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kh62SjGdI0s Confession??

Frank serpico Police officer Frank Serpico exposed corruption in the New York City police department. He was the first officer to testify against another officer. He reported and exposed corruption within the department. In 1971, he testified before the Knapp Commission. Disliked by fellow officers, they did not come to his aid when he was shot during a 1971 drug raid Knapp Commission A committee that investigated police corruption in New York in the early 1970s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MBZMTHsTQic

Knapp Commission 1993, during an 11 day corruption hearing, NYPD Officer Michael Dowd, told the commission that he ran a cocaine ring out of the station house. He bought 3 homes, and a Corvette 2004, Internal Affairs Detective Baird, suffered Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, he was threatened by officers, his work station was vandalized and obscene material was sent to his home Provide LAPD examples,

Money-The root of police evil Money, women and booze

Building police integrity Corrupt activities by fellow officers Ethics and Professionalism http://www.lapdonline.org/lapd_manual/code_of_ethics.htm Internal Affairs The branch of police organization tasked with investigating charges of wrongdoing involving members of the department Page 174

Drug testing of police employees

Dangers of police work Today’s law enforcement officers face a multitude of dangers in their everyday duties that rival the threat of getting shot. For example: Foot pursuits Vehicle pursuits Responding code 3 (lights and siren) Making an arrest Traffic control Heat stroke Stress Duty equipment Biohazard exposure/sun exposure

Dangers of police work http://articles.latimes.com/1988-12-13/news/mn-286_1_squad-cars-collide Three officers were killed, a fourth officer, Venson Drake, 28, survived the crash with only cuts and bruises. It was Drake's first day on the job. He graduated from the Police Academy on Friday. Drake, who sang the national anthem at his graduation ceremonies, apparently was the only one of the four who was wearing a safety belt https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1917&dat=19881213&id=JHghAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hIgFA AAAIBAJ&pg=2871,3249623&hl=en

Line of Duty: 130 2015 statistics 9/11 related illness: 8 Accidental: 2 Aircraft accident: 1 Assault: 3 Automobile accident: 27 Bomb: 6 Drowned: 1 Duty related illness: 2 Fall: 1 Gunfire: 39 Gunfire (Accidental): 2 Heart attack: 17 Motorcycle accident: 3 Struck by vehicle: 4 Vehicle pursuit: 5 Vehicular assault: 8 Weather/Natural disaster: 1 In the United States https://www.odmp.org/search/year/2015

Stress and Fatigue Causes Danger Traumatic events Long Hours Frustration, inability to be effective Boredom Moral dilemmas Personal issues, family life Macho attitude, unwilling to ask for help Stress reduction

Stress reduction Police Humor This is a must! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SFugKZlzNns https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgzcuhbGkzs

Police Humor Example, RD maps and homicide office pool

terrorism’s impact on policing Prevent attacks and respond when attacks occur Training and be prepared for shooting incidents such as the Terrorist shooting of innocent victims in San Bernardino

Police civil liability Christina Eilman received $22.5 million settlement brought against the City of Chicago Arrested, released wandered into a housing project, jumped out a 7 story window to avoid being raped http://spreadsheets.latimes.com/lapd-settlements/

Common sources of civil law suits Failure to protect property in police custody Negligence in the care of suspects Failure to render proper emergency medical assistance Failure to prevent a foreseeable crime Failure to aid private citizens Lack of due regard for the safety of others

Common sources of civil law suits False arrest, false imprisonment Inappropriate use of deadly force Unnecessary assault or battery Malicious prosecution Violation of constitutional rights Pattern of unfair and inequitable treatment Racial profiling

Racial profiling and biased policing "Racial Profiling" refers to the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual's race, ethnicity, religion or national origin.

Police use of force Can be defined as the use of physical restraint by a police officer when dealing with a member of the public The "amount of effort required by police to compel compliance by an unwilling subject"

Lapd’s Deadly force policy Law enforcement officers are authorized to use deadly force to: Protect themselves or others from what is reasonably believed to be an imminent threat of death or serious bodily injury; or, Prevent a crime where the suspect’s actions place person(s) in imminent jeopardy of death or serious bodily injury; or, Prevent the escape of a violent fleeing felon when there is probable cause to believe the escape will pose a significant threat of death or serious bodily injury to the officer or others if apprehension is delayed. In this circumstance, officers shall, to the extent practical, avoid using deadly force that might subject innocent bystanders or hostages to possible death or injury. http://assets.lapdonline.org/assets/pdf/UOF%20Executive%20Summary.pdf

Education and training Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) Program Academy- There are 39 POST-certified basic training academies in California. The course is offered in both the Standard and Modular Formats.

Education and training The Standard Format of the Regular Basic Course is delivered in a one-part instructional sequence with a minimum requirement of 664 hours. The Modular Format of the Regular Basic Course is designed as a reserve training program and is delivered in a three-part instructional sequence that coincides with the three California reserve peace officer levels. The minimum requirement is 730 hours, https://www.post.ca.gov/regular-basic-course.aspx

Ethnic and gender diversity in policing Now more than ever agencies are looking to fill their ranks with a diverse officer corps that reflects the populations they serve. This includes women and those from a variety of racial and ethnic backgrounds as well as other minority groups.

Next week, Chapter 7, the Courts questions?? Next week, Chapter 7, the Courts