MUHAMMAD JONA LUMINTU 2201410143 Semarang State University Chapter 1 Introduction : describing and explaining L2 acquisition Rod Ellis (1997) : 3-14 MUHAMMAD JONA LUMINTU 2201410143 Semarang State University

What is SLA? SLA is as the way in which people learn a language other than their mother tongue, inside or outside of a classroom. Language acquisition is the study of how a person learns a language. In a baby this would be how they develop their communication and speaking skills. Sometimes it can refer to second language acquisition, which means how a person learns a second language.

What are the goal of SLA? Description something that tells you what something or someone is like. Explanation the details or reasons that someone gives to make something clear or easy to understand.

External factor The external factor is the social milieu in which learning takes place. The input that learners recieve.

Internal factor Learner posses cognitive mechanism which enable them to extrac information about L2 from the input to notice.

TWO CASE STUDIES A case study is detailed study of learner’s acquisition of L2. First case is an adult learner learning english in suroundings. Second case is children learning english in a classroom.

A Case Study of an Adult Learner An adult could already use some of the features with native like accurancy at the beginning of his study. However, he hadn’t realy acquired this.

Example He did succed in using progressive-ing when it was required. All day im sitting table. He also supplied it in sentences when it was not required. So yesterday im didn’t painting.

A Case Study of Two Child Learner A child can be more confident and independent studying native language because their family or friends help them.

The two learner can be relatively simple but they can be more complex, as when the speaker offers a reason for making the request.

Methodological Issues Language is such a complex phenomenon that reseachers have generally preferred to focus on specific aspect rather than on the hole of it.

Another issue concerns what it means to say that a learner has acquaried a feature of the target language. Learner may manifest target like use of a feature on formula without having acquired the ability to use the feature productively.

The third problem is a overuse of linguistic forms The third problem is a overuse of linguistic forms. The learner knew when to use the present progressive corectly but he also showed that the learner use this contexts that did not required.

Issues in the description on the learner language First that learners make errors of different kinds. These are errors of omission and oversue. Second, that L2 learner acquire a large number of formulaic chunks.

The most interesting issue is learners acquired the language sistematicaly. A key question is how universal the developmental routes, with some features being acquired before others.

Issues in the explaining of L2 acquisition Leaners must engage in both item learning and system learning Explanation : That learners follow a particular developmental pattern The importance of external as opposed to internal factors

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