RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES

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Presentation transcript:

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES DISTINGUISH AMONG: 1. RESEARCH PROBLEM (PROBLEM STATEMENT) 2. RESEARCH QUESTION 3. HYPOTHESIS

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES 1. RESEARCH PROBLEM (PROBLEM STATEMENT) --- QUESTION ADDRESSED IN THE STUDY (WHY?) MOST DIFFICULT & YET IMPORTANT TO STATE THIS CLEARLY & SUCCINCTLY. 3. HYPOTHESES ---CONVERTS A QUESTION INTO A DECLARATIVE STATEMENT WHICH PREDICTS AN EXPECTED OUTCOME. 2. QUESTION ADDRESSED IN STUDY (WHY?) -REPHRASES THE PROBLEM IN THE FORM OF A QUESTION.

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES DO ONLY INTELLIGENT PEOPLE GO TO UNIVERSITY?

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES 2. RESEARCH QUESTION ---REPHRASES THE PROBLEM IN THE FORM OF A QUESTION.

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES DO ONLY STUDENTS WITH A HIGH I.Q. GO TO UNIVERSITY? WHAT PREDICTS UNIVERSITY ADMISSION/ SUCCESS?

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES CONVERTS A QUESTION INTO A DECLARATIVE STATEMENT WHICH PREDICTS (DIRECTION) AN EXPECTED OUTCOME.

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES 3b. NULL (STATISTICAL) HYPOTHESES PHASES HYPOTHESIS IN TESTABLE FORMAT SO THAT NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLES IS EXPECTED.

RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES 3b. NULL (STATISTICAL) HYPOTHESES THERE WILL BE NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN I.Q. SCORES AS MEASURED BY THE STANFORD BINET I.Q.TEST AND ADMISSION TO UNIVERSITY.

STEPS IN REFINING RESEARCH PROBLEM 1. DEFINE SPECIFIC PROBLEM AREA (NOT TOO BROAD OR INCLUSIVE). THIS STEP IDENTIFIES INDEPENDENT & DEPENDENT VARIABLES. DEPENDENT (TO BE PREDICTED) INDEPENDENT (TO BE MANIPULATED)

STEPS IN REFINING RESEARCH PROBLEM 2. REVIEW RELEVANT SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

STEPS IN REFINING RESEARCH PROBLEM 3. EXAMINE SIGNIFICANCE TO YOUR SITUATION/WORK

STEPS IN REFINING RESEARCH PROBLEM 4. EXAMINE FEASIBILITY (PILOT)

VARIABLE: PROPERTIES STUDIED IN RESEARCH CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIABLE: SEPARATE AND DISTINGUISHABLE FROM ONE ANOTHER AGE, GENDER, WEIGHT, ANXIETY, STRESS

VARIABLE: PROPERTIES STUDIED IN RESEARCH INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: MANIPULATED BY RESEARCHER, INDICATED BY X EFFECT OF GENDER ON ???

VARIABLE: PROPERTIES STUDIED IN RESEARCH DEPENDENT VARIABLE: NOT MANIPULATED, INDICATED BY Y PRESUMED EFFECT VARIES WITH IMPACT OF INDEPENDENT VARIABLE EFFECT OF GENDER ON ADIPOSITY DISTRIBUTION

VARIABLE: PROPERTIES STUDIED IN RESEARCH PREDICTIONS FROM INDEPENDENT TO  DEPENDENT