Constantine: Christian Emperor?

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Presentation transcript:

Constantine: Christian Emperor? The Romans: Case Study Chapter 4

Arch of Constantine c. AD 312-315 The Forum Romanum The Colosseum Source: Photo by A. Graham.

Recycling imagery on the Arch of Constantine ‘Constantine arch datation en’. File derived from: Constantine_arch_datation.svg. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution- Share Alike 2.5 via Wikimedia Commons.

Panel from monument of Marcus Aurelius The emperor receiving a barbarian leader Note the way the loyal soldiers shield the emperor with their armour & bodies. Marcus Aurelius’ hair & beard have been recut as short- cropped & clean- shaven Constantine The barbarian leader is identified by his helmetless head & wavy locks. His head is above the rest, looking desperately at the emperor. Source: ‘Constarch d4’ by Wilson Delgado. Licensed under public domain via Wikimedia Commons: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Constarch_d4.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Constarch_d4.jpg.

Hadrianic roundels Sacrifice to the Classical scene of hunting goddess Diana Classical scene of a hunt, possibly of a lion or a bear Source: ‘Luk Konstantyna 6DSCF0032’. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons:http://commons. wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Luk_Konstantyna_6DSCF0032.JPG#mediaviewer/File:Luk_Konstantyna_6DSCF0032.JPG. Labels by A. Graham.

Arch of Constantine CIL 6.1139 Looking closely, one can see the fractured text and the beautifully carved letters. The small holes are for bronze letters. Source: Photo by A. Graham.

The inscription: CIL 6.1139 = ILS 694 IMP · CAES · FL · CONSTANTINO · MAXIMO · P · F · AVGUSTO · S · P · Q · R · QVOD · INSTINCTV · DIVINITATIS · MENTIS · MAGNITVDINE · CVM · EXERCITV · SVO · TAM · DE · TYRANNO · QVAM · DE · OMNI · EIVS · FACTIONE · VNO · TEMPORE · IVSTIS · REM-PVBLICAM · VLTVS · EST · ARMIS · ARCVM · TRIVMPHIS · INSIGNEM · DICAVIT To the Emperor Caesar Flavius Constantinus, the greatest, pious, and blessed Augustus, the Senate and people of Rome, because by divine inspiration (and) greatness of mind, with his army he avenged the state against both the tyrant and his whole army at one (and the same) time, with righteous arms, have dedicated (this) arch conspicuous with (scenes of his) triumphs. Translation by A.E. Gordon, An Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy, University of California Press, 1983, pp. 168-169.

Constantine the Colossus Iphone: For Scale Source: Photo by A. Graham.