DNA Fingerprinting worksheets Happy Monday Bio-ninjas! Please READ ALL sections below! Journals: Table of Contents: Right Page 31 Protein Synthesis (part 1) Left Page 30 Transcription Practice EQ: What is transcription and where does it occur in the cell? Due today: DNA Fingerprinting worksheets One Day Late: (70) One Pager Replication HW sheet(s) Two days Late: (50) Annotated notes-Replication Three Days Late: (0) DNA Model Questions HAVE ALL HOMEWORK, LATE WORK/EXTRA CREDIT OUT READY TO BE CHECKED!
Band Members If you are attending the trip this week it is HIGHLY recommended that you do the following: Attend lecture session today after school in room 101A Grab/download assignments from me and check the website daily! You are still responsible for your grades!
Homework check, worksheet 1…
Homework check, worksheet 2…
Homework check, worksheet 2…
Homework check, worksheet 2…
Glue/cut/paste
Standard: Explain the purpose and process of transcription and translation using models of DNA and RNA.[BIO.6C]
Recap…DNA replication… Key words: Helicase Polymerase Ligase Antiparallel Semiconservative Base Pairing Challenge: Can you explain the process of DNA replication to your partner using ALL of the words in the list?
Why would DNA need to get copied?
Remember…Every cell contains the entire organism’s genome Remember…Every cell contains the entire organism’s genome. These are the instructions for EVERY part and function of the organism. That’s just a tad bit overwhelming for a teeny tiny little cell.
A skin cell doesn’t need information about how to make an eyball. …and a stomach cell is not interested in how to build a heart, lungs or brain …and a student is not expected to fill in for the principal if he/she is out sick
DNA-Instructions for EVERYTHING But I don’t want to cook or learn the entire book at once. I just need one recipe or section. Your “genes” are like a recipe/section out of the book.
What’s the point? Gene = one small section of DNA that codes for a specific trait Gene expression: the appearance of a characteristic that is caused by a particular gene. An organism may have a harmful gene in their genome but go their whole life without that gene ever being “expressed”. Some genes are expressed only after very specific internal/external environmental conditions. For example Baldness. You already have the gene but the age at which you will lose your hair is dependent on other factors. Think of forest dwelling animals whose coats change in accordance to the seasons. Depending on the time of year different genes will be expressed. The gene for brown fur may become inactive in the winter and the gene for white fur will become active.
The outward appearance of an organism is usually dependent on proteins Protein Synthesis: process by which the genetic code (DNA) is used to make proteins/polypeptides in the cell.
Central = the most important basic principal In order to understand protein synthesis the student must understand the “Central Dogma” Central = the most important basic principal Dogma = rules that cannot be questioned The basic principal of DNA is to provide the instructions for making proteins. The steps in which this happens is a scientific fact and is not questioned.
Only dealing with this part today! Central Dogma Only dealing with this part today! DNA mRNA Protein Translation Transcription Nucleus Ribosome Sketch this on the top of the left page of your notes!
Step 1: Transcription Transcribe: To transfer data/information from one form to another In music this word means to arrange (a piece of music) for a different instrument Right now you are “transcribing” a power point into written notes Converting files on a computer from one format to another In a court of law a “transcriber” types a shorthand representation of what is said in the courtroom.
Transcription the first step in protein synthesis A gene (section of DNA) is used as a template to make a single mRNA strand This process occurs in the nucleus. *why?
“messenger Ribonucleic Acid” Similarities to DNA: mRNA stands for “messenger Ribonucleic Acid” Similarities to DNA: mRNA is a nucleic acid Monomer is a nucleotide (S,P,B) Responsible for transmitting genetic information *can you spot any differences?
U T DNA & RNA Differences: 1) RNA sugar is ribose instead of deoxyribose 2) RNA is single stranded RNA 3) RNA substitutes a uracil (U) base instead of thymine (T) 4) RNA can leave the nucleus U T
Transcription in the body
Add this to your notes (right side if there’s room) DNA to DNA DNA to RNA C G G C T A A T C G G C T A A U Transcription = genetic information “changing forms”
Cards at tables…
What does it look like in pictures?
Is this Transcription?
Let’s Practice…aka “sharpen those ninja skills”
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. C G T A G C A U G C A G U C C U G U C A G U C U U A C DNA mRNA C G T A G C A U G C A G U C 7. DNA mRNA G A C T C U G U C A G U C U 8. DNA mRNA A T G C U A C U G G G U C C 9. DNA mRNA A T G C U A C U G G U A C U 10. DNA mRNA A G T C U C C U A A G U G U
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. G U A C C C A T G A T G A C A G G T G C A A T C G DNA mRNA G U A C C C A T G A T G A C 12. DNA mRNA U C A G A G G T G C A A T C 13. DNA mRNA C A U G G T A A A C T G T A 14. DNA mRNA A C G U T T G C C A T C G A 15. DNA mRNA U G A C A C C T G T A T T A
Debrief: Fill in the following paragraph Debrief: Fill in the following paragraph. Use the word wall or your notes to help you! The _________ _________ is the idea of how proteins are produced from DNA. The purpose of ____________ is to produce mRNA from ______. This process occurs in the _________. The purpose of ___________ is to produce a string of _____ _____ from reading a code on mRNA. The mRNA bases are read in groups of 3 called a _______. This code determines what ______ _______ is brought to the ________, the organelle where translation occurs. The amino acids are bonded together to produce a __________.