Colonization & Settlement Unit 7 Lesson 1 Colonization & Settlement Presentation M. Wagner

Timeline Colonization & Settlement During the unit on we will be covering the time period from 1500 – 1650. Colonization & Settlement

The Questions Of History What happened? Primary Sources Secondary Sources When did it happen? Chronological Order Timelines Who was involved? Thoughts & Feelings Point of View How and why did it happen? Cause Effect Quickly write what you already know about primary and/or secondary sources. Michigan Citizenship Collaborative Curriculum, 2012

Why is it important for historians to use both primary and secondary sources?

Is this a primary or secondary source? Mystery Source Is this a primary or secondary source? extremely dirty Michigan Citizenship Collaborative Curriculum, 2012

Mystery Source Since this is a person’s actual words about an event, it is a primary source.

Mystery Source Who do you think wrote it? When did the author write it? What was the author describing?

Mystery Source Written by a priest named Father Tomas de la Torre in 1644. It describes his journey across the Atlantic. He was on his way to live in New Spain (one of the early European settlements in North America).

Summarize what his journey. Mystery Source Summarize what his journey. Michigan Citizenship Collaborative Curriculum, 2012

Most Europeans who came to settle in North America experienced a journey similar to the one described by Father Tomas de la Torre.

your country, your family, and your friends leaving your home, your country, your family, and your friends to move to a world you know little about…

Why did people go to the New World, given that the journey was so difficult and so uncomfortable?

Certain Factors pushed people away from Europe. Push Factors Certain Factors pushed people away from Europe. Not Many People Owned Land Shortage of Jobs In The Cities Very Little Religious Freedom The Population Of Europe Was Growing Quickly

Certain Factors pulled people towards the New World. Pull Factors Certain Factors pulled people towards the New World. Opportunities To Own Land Many Jobs Available Plenty Of Room Hope Of More Religious Freedom

Push / Pull Directions: Work with a partner to divide your Push/Pull cards based on whether the cards show a push factor or a pull factor.

Push / Pull Let’s Debrief!

PULL Pushing or Pulling? 1 The European population in the Americas was still very small. There seemed to be plenty of room for people. PULL

PUSH Pushing or Pulling? 2 Many people left rural areas in search of employment in European cities. They found increased competition for jobs that paid well and in many cases a shortage of jobs. PUSH

PULL Pushing or Pulling? 3 People believed they would be free to practice their religion in the Americas. The Americas also provided a place to live free from direct rule by a king or queen. PULL

PUSH Pushing or Pulling? 4 Around the 16th Century, some kings and queens in Europe believed that they had the right to rule both the church and the state. People were not allowed to worship the way they wanted. Some people who did not accept the official religion got into trouble. PUSH

PUSH Pushing or Pulling? 5 People no longer believed that evil caused illness, but learned that illness is related to unclean living conditions. Population increased due to the control of disease and improved public health conditions. This caused some areas to be over-populated. PUSH

PULL Pushing or Pulling? 6 People had the chance to have a job that might make them wealthy. The Americas also provided the opportunity to earn money by owning or working for a company. PULL

PUSH Pushing or Pulling? 7 European countries had limited land and natural resources. Land became scarce in the countryside. Increased family population left less land for children to inherit but people wanted to own their own land. PUSH

PULL Pushing or Pulling? 8 People who had no chance of owning land in Europe could become landowners in the Americas. The “New World” also had an abundance of natural resources including metals, minerals, and animals that attracted people. PULL

Pushing or Pulling? Directions: Create a T-Chart showing at least 3 push factors & 3 pull factors. Push Factors Pull Factors

Sample Pushing or Pulling? Lack Of Jobs Plenty Of Jobs Overpopulation Push Factors Pull Factors Lack Of Jobs Overpopulation Lack Of Freedom No Chance To Own Land Plenty Of Jobs Small Population Hope Of Religious Freedom Plenty Of Land Sample

Think about Christopher Columbus and Spanish exploration: Review Think about Christopher Columbus and Spanish exploration: What did Spain need to do in order to effectively claim land in the Americas?

Review What did Spain need to do in order to effectively claim land in the Americas? Spain needed to take the land away from the people already living there (Native Americans). Spain needed to get settlers to move from Spain to its new lands in the Americas. Spain needed to build settlements and forts to protect its newly claimed lands.

Spanish colonies in the New World were the first European settlements to flourish.

By the mid 1500s, New Spain had cities, universities, and printing presses.

New Spain Push and Pull Factors played a role in the development of this Spanish settlement. PUSH Farm Land Was Scarce in Spain. Most People Had Very Little Chance To Own Their Own Land. Many People Were Poor. There Was Little Chance To Change. Their Situation, If They Stayed In Spain. There Had Been A Series Of Poor Harvests. There Were Famines In Spain. There Were Plagues In Spain.

New Spain Push and Pull Factors played a role in the development of this Spanish settlement. PULL The Silver & Gold Of New Spain Drew Settlers Hoping To Become Wealthy. Land Was Available In New Spain. Catholic Missionaries Were Drawn To New Spain Hoping To Serve God By Converting The Native Americans To Their Religion.

Pushing or Pulling? What can we add? Lack Of Jobs Plenty Of Jobs Push Factors Pull Factors Lack Of Jobs Overpopulation Lack Of Freedom No Chance To Own Land Poverty Disease Shortage Of Food High Taxes Plenty Of Jobs Small Population Hope Of Religious Freedom Plenty Of Land Riches (Silver & Gold) The Chance To Convert People To Your Religion.

Growth of New Spain Cut Into Strips. Organize Events In Chronological Order. Glue The Strips Onto Your Organizer In The Correct Order

Exploring The Answers These pieces describe the sequence of events that led to the growth of New Spain.

Exploring The Ways In Which New Spain Grew & Changed Why do you think Spanish settlers moved to Caribbean Islands first? Why did settlers concentrate on farming cash crops? What effects did Spanish settlement have on Native Americans? What long-range consequences were likely to result from the importation of enslaved Africans to New Spain?

As Spanish missions, cities, settlements, and plantations grew in New Spain, other European countries became interested in beginning their own settlements in North America.

For example, the French tried to settle along the northern coast of Florida in the early 1560s. The Spanish saw this as a threat and destroyed the colony in 1565.

In 1565, they built St. Augustine. The Spanish decided they needed more forts in order to protect New Spain from the French and other Europeans. In 1565, they built St. Augustine.

St. Augustine Original settlement was a wooden fort. It served as a base for a long chain of missions that branched along the coast and into the interior. St. Augustine also grew as a trade center.

St. Augustine The Spanish realized that wooden forts often burned or were washed away by storms. Since the French & English were still a threat in the area, the settlers decided to build a stone fort at St. Augustine.

The Spanish began building this fort, the Castillo de San Marcos in 1672. It took 23 years to build.

St. Augustine 7 Years after the fort was built, the British attacked. But the cannon balls bounced off of the strong walls. The Spanish maintained control of St. Augustine for many years. Eventually, however, the British did take over the fort and the settlement.

Many still visit this city and tour the ancient fort. St. Augustine was the first town built by Europeans in what would become the USA. Many still visit this city and tour the ancient fort.

Timeline St. Augustine founded

What about the French?

After losing their small Florida colony, the French moved north, claiming land in what is now Canada.

What do you remember about the French connections to Michigan History? Activate Prior Knowledge What do you remember about the French connections to Michigan History? Oh! I remember learning about that in 3rd grade!

The French and Native Americans engaged in the Fur Trade. The Fur Trade was as valuable to the French as the discovery of gold was to the Spanish.

The Fur Trade led to expanded French settlement in northeastern North America.

This region became known as New France.