How to interpret enzyme graphs

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Presentation transcript:

How to interpret enzyme graphs ENZYME ACTIVITY How to interpret enzyme graphs (NEXT SLIDE)

Reading Graphs Which graph shows the amount of substrate going to zero faster? Substrate Substrate Time (sec) Time (sec)

TRY AGAIN So… Nope, the amount of substrate gets to zero in less time in the OTHER graph. Substrate Substrate Time (sec) Time (sec)

RIGHT!! So… YES!! The amount of substrate gets to zero in less time in this graph. Substrate Substrate Time (sec) Time (sec)

So… Which enzyme works FASTER? Substrate Substrate Time (sec)

TRY AGAIN So… Nope, not this one. The faster the enzyme works, the faster the substrate will decrease. Time (sec) Substrate Substrate Time (sec)

RIGHT!! So… YES!! This enzyme works faster because the substrate decreases faster!! Time (sec) Substrate Substrate Time (sec)

What do you think can affect the speed of an enzyme? TEMPERATURE pH AMOUNT OF LIGHT

What do you think can affect the speed of an enzyme? TEMPERATURE RIGHT!! Changing the pH of the reaction can affect the speed of an enzyme. ANYTHING ELSE? pH AMOUNT OF LIGHT

What do you think can affect the speed of an enzyme? TEMPERATURE RIGHT!! Changing the temperature of the reaction can ALSO affect the speed of an enzyme. pH AMOUNT OF LIGHT

What do you think can affect the speed of an enzyme? TEMPERATURE RIGHT!! Changing the temperature of the reaction can affect the speed of an enzyme. ANYTHING ELSE? pH AMOUNT OF LIGHT

What do you think can affect the speed of an enzyme? TEMPERATURE RIGHT!! Changing the pH of the reaction can ALSO affect the speed of an enzyme. pH AMOUNT OF LIGHT

What do you think can affect the speed of an enzyme? TEMPERATURE Sorry, most enzymes are NOT affected by the amount of light… Pick again pH AMOUNT OF LIGHT

Factors affecting enzyme speed We can make a graph of enzyme speed at different temperatures.

Graph of ENZYME SPEED What should go on the X axis? Speed of enzyme Temperature (°C)

Graph of ENZYME SPEED TRY AGAIN Nope, the speed of the enzyme is what we are MEASURING,it should go on the Y axis. Speed of enzyme Temperature (°C)

RIGHT! Temperature should go on the X axis. Graph of ENZYME SPEED Amount of substrate What should go on the Y axis? (HINT: This is what we are MEASURING) Speed of enzyme RIGHT! Temperature should go on the X axis. 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Graph of ENZYME SPEED TRY AGAIN Amount of substrate What should go on the Y axis? (HINT: This is what we are MEASURING) We’re not measuring the amount of substrate this time. Speed of enzyme 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

REMEMBER!! The enzyme is working FASTER Graph of ENZYME SPEED FAST RIGHT!! The speed of enzyme should go on the Y axis. Speed of enzyme REMEMBER!! The enzyme is working FASTER As you go UP the Y axis. SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! FAST Amylase is found in saliva. Click on the red button that is approximately at body temperature Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! TRY AGAIN Amylase is found in saliva. FAST Amylase is found in saliva. 5°C is close to freezing. TOO COLD!! Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! TRY AGAIN Amylase is found in saliva. FAST Amylase is found in saliva. 22°C is close to room temperature. TOO COLD!! Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! TRY AGAIN Amylase is found in saliva. 55°C is 131°F. FAST Amylase is found in saliva. 55°C is 131°F. TOO HOT!! Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! Amylase is found in saliva. 37°C is body temperature. FAST Amylase is found in saliva. 37°C is body temperature. RIGHT!! Amylase will work best at about 37°C because it is normally found in your mouth Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

At very low temperatures Let’s GRAPH!! FAST Amylase works slowly At very low temperatures Because it is not close To body temperature Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! Amylase will work Faster as it gets Closer to body Temperature. Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! Amylase will work fastest at body Temperature. FAST Speed of enzyme The temperature where Amylase works BEST is called the OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

As the temperature gets too hot, Amylase doesn’t work as well. Let’s GRAPH!! As the temperature gets too hot, Amylase doesn’t work as well. FAST Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! Click on the OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE FAST Speed of enzyme SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

Let’s GRAPH!! Click on the OPTIMUM TEMPERATURE RIGHT!! FAST Speed of enzyme RIGHT!! SLOW 10 20 30 40 50 60 Temperature (°C)

What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? Temperature (°C) 20 50 60 10 40 30 Speed of enzyme SLOW FAST 10°C 20°C 30°C

What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? TRY AGAIN What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? Temperature (C) 20 50 60 10 40 30 Speed of enzyme SLOW FAST REMEMBER: The OPTIMUM is the temperature the enzyme works fastest at. 10°C 20°C 30°C

What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? TRY AGAIN What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? Temperature (°C) 20 50 60 10 40 30 Speed of enzyme SLOW FAST REMEMBER: The OPTIMUM is the temperature the enzyme works fastest at. 10°C 20°C 30°C

RIGHT!! Right!!

What is the optimum pH for this enzyme? FAST 9 Speed of enzyme 10 11 SLOW 2 4 6 8 10 12 pH

What is the optimum pH for this enzyme? TRY AGAIN What is the optimum pH for this enzyme? FAST Look closely… 9 Speed of enzyme 10 11 SLOW 2 4 6 8 10 12 pH

What is the optimum pH for this enzyme? TRY AGAIN What is the optimum pH for this enzyme? FAST Look closely… 9 Speed of enzyme 10 11 SLOW 2 4 6 8 10 12 pH

RIGHT!! Right!!

What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? FAST 20°C Speed of enzyme 63°C 48°C SLOW 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Temperature (°C)

What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? TRY AGAIN What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? FAST 20°C Speed of enzyme 63°C 48°C SLOW 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Temperature (°C)

What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? TRY AGAIN What is the optimum temperature for this enzyme? FAST 20°C Speed of enzyme 63°C 48°C SLOW 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Temperature (°C)

RIGHT!! Right!! You rock at this...

What temperature does the enzyme work best at? Time Substrate Temperature = 25°C Time Substrate Temperature = 30°C Time Substrate Temperature = 35°C At 25°C At 30°C At 35°C

REMEMBER: the faster the substrate decreases, the faster the enzyme is working Time Substrate Temperature = 25°C Time Substrate Temperature = 30°C Time Substrate Temperature = 35°C At 25°C At 30°C At 35°C

REMEMBER: the faster the substrate decreases, the faster the enzyme is working Time Substrate Temperature = 25°C Time Substrate Temperature = 30°C Time Substrate Temperature = 35°C At 25°C At 30°C At 35°C

TO SHOW HOW WELL YOU UNDERSTOOD, COMPLETE THIS SHORT QUIZ RIGHT!! TO SHOW HOW WELL YOU UNDERSTOOD, COMPLETE THIS SHORT QUIZ

QUIZ - QUESTION 1 SALIVA LIVER STOMACH Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found? SALIVA LIVER STOMACH

QUIZ - QUESTION 1 TRY AGAIN SALIVA LIVER STOMACH Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found? SALIVA LIVER STOMACH

QUIZ - QUESTION 1 TRY AGAIN SALIVA LIVER STOMACH Where in your body is the amylase enzyme found? SALIVA LIVER STOMACH

RIGHT!! Right!!

QUIZ - QUESTION 2 Click on the CATALYST in this reaction: SUGAR STARCH AMYLASE

QUIZ - QUESTION 2 TRY AGAIN REMEMBER: The catalyst performs the reaction, but isn’t used up SUGAR STARCH AMYLASE

QUIZ - QUESTION 2 TRY AGAIN REMEMBER: The catalyst performs the reaction, but isn’t used up SUGAR STARCH AMYLASE

RIGHT!! Right!!

QUIZ - QUESTION 3 Click on the substrate that is most likely to react with the enzyme below: STARCH PROTEIN LIPID

QUIZ - QUESTION 3 TRY AGAIN REMEMBER: The subtrate that fits into a protein will be the one that reacts with it. STARCH PROTEIN LIPID

QUIZ - QUESTION 3 TRY AGAIN REMEMBER: The subtrate that fits into a protein will be the one that reacts with it. STARCH PROTEIN LIPID

RIGHT!! Right!! PROTEIN

QUIZ - QUESTION 4 What is the most likely name of the enzyme in question 3 that reacts with protein? PROTEINOSE PROTEINATION PROTEINZYME PROTEINASE

QUIZ - QUESTION 4 TRY AGAIN NOPE: sugars end in -OSE, not enzymes (sucrose, lactose, glucose) PROTEINOSE PROTEINATION PROTEINZYME PROTEINASE

QUIZ - QUESTION 4 TRY AGAIN NOPE: think about “lactase” and “amylase” PROTEINOSE PROTEINATION PROTEINZYME PROTEINASE

QUIZ - QUESTION 4 TRY AGAIN NOPE: think about “lactase” and “amylase” PROTEINOSE PROTEINATION PROTEINZYME PROTEINASE

RIGHT!! Right!! PROTEINASE

QUIZ - QUESTION 5 Click on the part of the graph that shows the OPTIMAL temperature for this enzyme Enzyme Activity Temperature (°C)

QUIZ - QUESTION 5 TRY AGAIN REMEMBER: the OPTIMAL temperature for an enzyme is the temperature where the enzyme works BEST (highest activity) Enzyme Activity Temperature (°C)

RIGHT!! Right!!

QUIZ - QUESTION 6 Click on the graph that shows the optimum pH for this enzyme. pH = 5.0 pH = 7.0 pH = 3.0 Substrate Substrate Substrate Time Time Time

QUIZ - QUESTION 6 TRY AGAIN REMEMBER: Substrate decreases in LESS time if the enzyme works faster pH = 5.0 pH = 7.0 pH = 3.0 Substrate Substrate Substrate Time Time Time

QUIZ - QUESTION 6 TRY AGAIN REMEMBER: Substrate decreases in LESS time if the enzyme works faster pH = 5.0 pH = 7.0 pH = 3.0 Substrate Substrate Substrate Time Time Time

RIGHT!! Right!!

RIGHT!! Right!!

You have successfully completed the enzyme powerpoint. CONGRATULATIONS!