Haitian & Latin American Revolutions AP World History Chapter 29 Test is Friday

Compare & Contrast the outcomes of French & American Revolutions France USA Constitutional Monarchy-Louis XVIII Federal Republic Important Documents Declaration of the Rights of Man Constitution/ Bill of Rights Causes -social inequality -financial crisis -enlightenment ideas -taxes -”No taxation without representation” Degree of Change Radical Guillotine De-Christianization Much more conservative Key People -Max Robespierre -Jacobins -Louis XVI Washington Thomas Paine Thomas Jefferson

Reminders Review tomorrow Friday Chapter 29 test

16c-18c: New Ideas Brewing in Europe

Inspiration of American & French Revolutions Declaration of the Rights of Man & of the Citizen, 1789 Declaration of Independence, 1776

Enlightenment Thinkers

European Empires: 1660s

Latin American Revolutions!

Background Saint Domingue was a French colony ( sugar &coffee plantations) produced 40 % of worlds sugar 90% of population were slaves working under brutal conditions “French Revolutions 1st child” 40,000 whites, 30,000 gens couleur, 500,000 black slaves

Terms to Know- Gens de couleur- free people of color as well as mulattoes Maroons- escaped slaves

Revolutionary Leaders Boukman- Voudou priest, led 12,000 slaves in rebellion killed white settlers, burned their homes, destroyed plantations

Toussaint L’Ouveture: “Slave revolt sends France a jolt” (1804)

Toussaint-Louverture 1744-1803 “Black George Washington” Former slave Skilled organizer, and military commander, wrote constitution 1801 In 1802 he was captured , then died in French prison

Outcomes of Haitian Revolution Only successful slave rebellion in history ! In 1804 Haiti was declared independent ( the 1st republic in Latin America) US did not recognize the new republic

Causes of Latin American wars of Independence Inspired by the Enlightenment Tensions between Creoles & peninsulares Napoleon invaded Europe causing confusion and & opportunity to rebel

Provides a model & a diversion! Napoleon on the March Provides a model & a diversion!

Simón Bolivar: The Latin American George Washington” Creole who was inspired by Enlightenment Led military campaigns against Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Tried to unify S. America into Gran Colombia

Bolivar’s Accomplishment

The Caribbean: An “American Lake”

Effects of Latin American wars of independence Free from Spain by 1825 Power continued to be in the hands of Elite( caudillos, Creoles, military leaders) “More independence than freedom”

The first successful revolution in the Caribbean and South America was launched in: A. Haiti B. Argentina C. Cuba D. Colombia E. Jamaica

In leading the revolutions of South America, Simon Bolivar advocated that Spanish colonial rule be replaced with an indigenous monarchy that ethnic nationalism be the basis of the new states the popular sovereignty the abolition of slavery and full male suffrage all of the above

Revolutions in Latin America were frequently a power struggle between what two groups? masters and slaves peninsulares and creoles European and indigenous peoples Europeans and mestizos colonial militias and European mercenaries

In Latin America, leaders who were called caudillos were those most sympathetic to the old regimes ruled without the cooperation of the church were personalist leaders who held power without constitutional sanction were chosen by popular election were the sons of rich industrialists