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Explain this design in less than 10 words, without diagrams or code Command cmd = createCommand(commandString); cmd.execute(); history.add(cmd); … cmd.undo(); {abstract} Command execute() {abstract} undo() {abstract} Edit execute() undo() Delete Add History add(Command) *

Design (a) TV Brand ModelName Price SerialNo

Design (a) :TV Brand: Sharp ModelName: Aquos Price: 1000 SerialNo: 452-5 Design (a) TV Brand ModelName Price SerialNo :TV Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 SerialNo: 452-1 :TV Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 SerialNo: 452-3

Design (a) :TV Brand: Sharp ModelName: Aquos Price: 1000 SerialNo: 452-5 :TV Brand: Sharp ModelName: Aquos Price: 1000 SerialNo: 452-7 Design (a) TV Brand ModelName Price SerialNo :TV Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 SerialNo: 452-1 :TV Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 SerialNo: 452-9 :TV Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 SerialNo: 452-4 :TV Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 SerialNo: 452-3 :TV Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 SerialNo: 452-2 :TV Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 SerialNo: 452-6

Design (b) :AquosTV SerialNo: 452-5 AquosTV Brand: Sharp ModelName: Aquos Price: 1000 Design (b) :AquosTV SerialNo: 452-7 TV Brand ModelName Price SerialNo :BraviaTV SerialNo: 452-1 BraviaTV Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 :BraviaTV SerialNo: 452-9 :BraviaTV SerialNo: 452-4 VieraTV Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 :VieraTV SerialNo: 452-3 :VieraTV SerialNo: 452-2 :VieraTV SerialNo: 452-6

Design (b) TV Brand ModelName Price SerialNo

Design (c) TVModel Brand ModelName Price TVStockItem SerialNo

Design (c) :TVStockItem :TVModel SerialNo: 452-5 Brand: Sharp ModelName: Aquos Price: 1000 Design (c) :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-7 TVModel Brand ModelName Price :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-1 :TVModel Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-9 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-4 TVStockItem SerialNo :TVModel Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-3 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-2 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-6

Design (c) :TVStockItem :TVModel SerialNo: 452-5 Brand: Sharp ModelName: Aquos Price: 1000 Design (c) :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-7 TVModel Brand ModelName Price :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-1 :TVModel Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-9 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-4 TVStockItem SerialNo :TVModel Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-3 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-2 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-6

Design (c) :TVStockItem :TVModel SerialNo: 452-5 Brand: Sharp ModelName: Aquos Price: 1000 Design (c) :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-7 TVModel Brand ModelName Price :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-1 :TVModel Brand: Sony ModelName: Bravia Price: 1200 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-9 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-4 TVStockItem SerialNo :TVModel Brand: Panasonic ModelName: Viera Price: 1300 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-3 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-2 :TVStockItem SerialNo: 452-6

Book copies in a library TV drama episodes Video copies in a rental shop

Book copies in a library TV drama episodes Video copies in a rental shop

    Book copies in a library TV drama episodes Video copies in a rental shop   

Recurring tasks in a schedule  Book copies in a library TV drama episodes Video copies in a rental shop    Recurring tasks in a schedule

Using patterns to solve recurring problems Déjà vu: Using patterns to solve recurring problems CS2103/T, Lecture 9, Part 2, [Oct 14, 2016]

Using patterns to solve recurring problems Déjà vu: Using patterns to solve recurring problems

Using patterns to solve recurring problems experience Déjà vu: Using patterns to solve recurring problems

experience … is what you get when you didn’t get what you wanted.

experience … is valuable.

Learning from experience … is too costly.

experience Learning from Note to self: never volunteer to be the headstand guy

Learning from experience Patterns

Context: Multiple stock items of same TV model Problem: Some data (but not all) shared among stock items of the same model. Solution: Represent TV model and TV stock item as different classes.

Context: Multiple stock items of same TV model Problem: Some data (but not all) shared among stock items of the same model. Solution: Represent TV model and TV stock item as different classes. Stock items Book copies in a library TV drama episodes …

Context: Multiple stock items of same TV model Problem: Some data (but not all) shared among stock items of the same model. Solution: Represent TV model and TV stock item as different classes.

Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Some data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes.

<<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>> Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Some data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes. * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

<<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>> Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes. * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

<<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>> TVModel BookTitle Lesson * * * TVStockItem BookCopy LessonDelivery * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

<<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>> TVModel BookTitle Lesson * * * TVStockItem BookCopy LessonDelivery * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

Name: Abstraction Occurrence Pattern Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes. * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

Name: Abstraction Occurrence Pattern Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes. [An elegant solution to a recurring problem] Pattern * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

Name: Abstraction Occurrence Pattern Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes. [An elegant solution to a recurring problem] Pattern * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

Name: Abstraction Occurrence Pattern Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes. <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>> *

Name: Abstraction Occurrence Pattern … for that, I used the Name: Abstraction Occurrence Pattern Show off ! Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes. <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>> * * <<Abstraction>> <<Occurrence>>

Patterns = a high-level vocabulary

Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction.

[A stupid solution to a recurring problem] Anti-Pattern Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes.

[A stupid solution to a recurring problem] Anti-Pattern Context: Multiple occurrences of some abstraction Problem: Same data (but not all) shared among occurrences of the same abstraction. Solution: Represent abstraction and occurrences as different classes.

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

Context: one-and-only-one object, shared among others 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Context: one-and-only-one object, shared among others

Context: one-and-only-one object, shared among others 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Context: one-and-only-one object, shared among others Problem: how to avoid multiple objects?

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Solution: Logic - Logic( ) + getInstance( ) : Logic

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Solution: Logic - theOne : Logic - Logic( ) + getInstance( ) : Logic

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Solution: public static Logic getInstance(){ if (theOne == null) theOne = new Logic(); return theOne; } Logic - theOne : Logic - Logic( ) + getInstance( ) : Logic //somewhere else in the system… Logic logic = Logic.getInstance(); //instead of … Logic logic = new Logic();

Why not make all members static instead? OO ↓ Testability ↓ 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Why not make all members static instead? OO ↓ Testability ↓ UI Logic LogicStub

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Logic - theOne : Logic - Logic( ) + getInstance( ) : Logic public static Logic getInstance(){ if (theOne == null) theOne = new Logic(); return theOne; } //somewhere else in the system… Logic logic = Logic.getInstance(); //instead of … Logic logic = new Logic();

77577 OR tinyurl.com/answerpost 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer How many classes in your project can benefit from the Singleton pattern? a. None b. Only 1 c. Only 2 d. Only 3 e. 4 or more single {a|b|c|d|e} e.g. single c 77577 77577 OR tinyurl.com/answerpost

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Logic TextUI ATD

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Logic TextUI MSLogic ATD

<<Façade>> 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer <<Client1>> <<Façade>> <<Client2>>

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Edit Sort Delete

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer UI elements Create/ edit/ delete/read Data objects

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer UI elements VIEW Create/ edit/ delete/read CONTROLLER MODEL Data objects

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer UI elements VIEW Create/ edit/ delete/read CONTROLLER MODEL Data objects

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Paparazzi Celebrity

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Paparazzi Celebrity

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Paparazzi Celebrity

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Paparazzi Celebrity

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Paparazzi = Observers AddUI ListUI SummaryUI Celebrity = Observable Data

<<Interface>> 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer = Observers AddUI ListUI SummaryUI update( ) update( ) = Observable Data <<Interface>> Observer * +addView(Observer) -notifyUIs( ) update( ) :Data :Observer :Observer :Observer

<<Interface>> 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer ListUI SummaryUI update( ) update( ) Data <<Interface>> Observer * +addView(Observer) -notifyUIs( ) update( )

<<Interface>> 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer ListUI SummaryUI update( ) update( ) Data <<Interface>> Observer * +addView(Observer) -notifyUIs( ) update( )

<<Interface>> 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer ListUI SummaryUI update( ) update( ) Data <<Interface>> Observer * +addView(Observer) -notifyUIs( ) update( )

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer <<Observer1>> <<Observer2>> update( ) update( ) <<Observable>> <<Interface>> Observer * +add(Observer) -notifyObservers( ) update( )

observer {yes|no} e.g. observer yes 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer Is the Observer pattern used in your project? <<Observer1>> <<Observer2>> update( ) update( ) <<Observable>> <<Interface>> Observer Can be used to reduce by directional dependencies. * +add(Observer) -notifyObservers( ) update( ) observer {yes|no} e.g. observer yes 77577 OR tinyurl.com/answerpost

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer

Where? → Learning → Applying

Where? → Learning → Applying

Where? → Learning → Applying

Which way do I face? Window or the TV? Darn… Where? → Learning → Applying Which way do I face? Window or the TV? Darn…

Where? → Learning → Applying

Where? → Learning → Applying Christopher Alexander

Abstraction occurrence Analysis patterns Singleton  Design patterns Where? → Learning → Applying Abstraction occurrence Analysis patterns Singleton  Design patterns MVC  Architectural patterns …. Testing patterns …. Project management patterns

Abstraction occurrence Analysis patterns Singleton  Design patterns Where? → Learning → Applying Abstraction occurrence Analysis patterns Singleton  Design patterns MVC  Architectural patterns …. Testing patterns …. Project management patterns

Where? → Learning → Applying

Where? → Learning → Applying

GoF patterns Where? → Learning → Applying Creational: Behavioral : Abstract Factory Builder Factory Method Prototype Singleton Behavioral : Chain of Responsibility Command Interpreter Template Method Iterator Memento State Visitor Mediator Observer Strategy Structural: Adapter Bridge Composite Decorator Façade Flyweight Proxy GoF patterns

Where? → Learning → Applying

Where? → Learning → Applying Pattern So many patterns, so little time…

Where? → Learning → Applying Pattern So many patterns, so little time…

Where? → Learning → Applying Pattern So many patterns, so little time…

Can apply Singleton in your project? Where? → Learning → Applying Can apply Singleton in your project?

Where? → Learning → Applying

Part 1 - Déjà vu: Using patterns to solve recurring problems.

1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6 1. Abstraction occurrence 2. Singleton 3. Façade 4. Command 5. MVC 6.Observer 7. …… Identify patterns in sample code Use more patterns if it helps Should be able to relate each pattern to the project

77577 OR tinyurl.com/answerpost What are the negative consequence of applying the façade pattern? a. Extra code. b. Slower performance. c. Both of the above. d. No negative consequences. negative {a|b|c|d} e.g. negative c 77577 OR tinyurl.com/answerpost