Two Column Notes/Vocabulary Chapter 3.2 Two Column Notes/Vocabulary The New England Colonies

Pilgrims and Puritans Pilgrims: Protestant separatist group that left England in early 1600’s to escape persecution Pilgrims moved to the Netherlands in 1608 to escape persecution from church of England Pilgrims on the Move Pilgrims soon decided to move to Virginia/didn’t want kids learning Dutch language and culture September 16, 1620: Mayflower leaves for Virginia/but lands north of Virginia Mayflower Compact: early attempt at self-government in the English Colonies/41 men sign it The Mayflower Compact Late 1620, Pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock...present day Massachusetts

Pilgrims and Puritans...Continued Samoset, a Native American boldly walks into the Plymouth colony in 1621 Samoset spoke broken English gave Pilgrims useful information about Plymouth Pilgrims and Native Americans First Thanksgiving celebrated between Pilgrims, Chief Massasoit, and the Wampanoag Indians Pilgrim Community/Women in the Colony Key difference between Plymouth and Jamestown colonies was family Plymouth grew stronger in the mid 1620’s when new settlers arrived Women’s rights in Plymouth were more varied than in England

Pilgrims and Puritans...Continued Between 1629-1640 → 40,000 Puritans leave England for New England/started Massachusetts Bay colony Great Migration John Winthrop: was leader of the Puritans/Colony's first governor Puritans were prepared/by 1691 they had expanded to include the Pilgrims Plymouth Colony

Religion and Government in New England Massachusetts Bay Colony set up a General Court to run the colony/Self government Politics and Religion were closely linked in Puritan New England Thomas Hooker: Minister who left Massachusetts to start Connecticut in 1636 Helped make Connecticut’s Government more democratic/Some historians call him “the father of American democracy” Roger Williams: Minister who was kicked out of Massachusetts started Providence/Later became colony of Rhode Island

Religion and Government in New England Continued….. Anne Hutchinson: believed people’s relationship with God did not need guidance from ministers She was forced out of Massachusetts/helped start colony of Portsmouth/became part of Rhode Island

New England Economy New England Colonies: Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire Had a harsh climate and rocky soil/difficult to grow cash crops = little need for slaves Most families only farmed for their own use Merchants Trade was important locally, with other colonies and overseas: furs, pickled beef, and pork

New England Economy Became one of region’s leading industries: cod and halibut Hunting whales with harpoons or spears/provided oil for lighting Fishing/Whaling Shipbuilding New England had plenty of forests The supply of wood enabled shipbuilders to construct vessels to meet the demands of various traders Fisherman needed boats

New England Economy Apprentice: A young boy who works with a master craftsman to learn a trade Skilled trades included: blacksmithing, weaving, shipbuilding, and printing Skilled Craftspeople

Education in the Colonies General Court orders schools for townships of 50 families or more New England colonists wanted their children to have an education because they believed that all children need to be able to read the bible. Public Education Higher Education 1636 John Harvard founded Harvard College By 1700 about 70% of men and 45% of women could read and write.