Final Exam In-Class Review Chapters 8-13

1st Session: Ch. 8-10

Chapter 8: Emerging Europe and Byzantine Empire Decline of Rome Use the handout provided from the “Political Cartoon” assignment (will pass back) Judaism and Christianity Focus on the basic beliefs and holy texts Christianity---> look at important figures, reactions to, and reasons for its spread across Europe Germanic Society Wergild and Ordeal Facts about Charlemagne Byzantine Empire Justinian most important figure (what was his contribution?) Who were the major threat to the empire? What were the Greek influences on the Byzantine Empire? Why did people want to convert to Christianity?

Chapter 9: Islam and the Arabic Empires Origins of Islam Muhammad’s revelation Exile to Medina Return to Mecca Holy Book Basic Beliefs What are the five pillars? Islamic Caliphates What was unique about a caliph? Rashidun-1st Caliphate Umayyad- Foreign Caliphate (Persian); What happened to Islam during this reign? Abbasid- Golden Age (under whose reign?); who is the founder? Who helped the caliph make decisions? What are examples of Abbasid Caliphate’s golden age? Belief Prayer Charity Fasting Pilgrimage

Chapter 10: Medieval Kingdoms in Europe Feudalism How did the Carolingian Empire’s fall result in feudalism? Identify the feudal relationships What does the social structure look like? Trade and Peasants Serfdom is one of these relationships (peasants <--> nobles/kings) What increased trade in the Middle Ages? What arose out of increased trade? European Kingdoms England Important Figures Major Changes France Holy Roman Empire

2nd Session: Ch. 11-13

Chapter 11: Civilizations in East Asia Chinese Dynasties Four Great Inventions (which would be good for defense?) Landscape art! What was the largest land empire in history? Heart of state government was ____________ (political ideology) Japan and Korea Biggest influence on Korean society? Shinto and Zen Buddhism (what made them important to Japan) India Timur Lenk (effect of his conquest) Islam and Hinduism caused what to decline in India? Two Types of Buddhism?? Chaos & Instability Yuan (Mongol) Han Dynasty Sui Dynasty Tang Dynasty Song Dynasty

Chapter 12: Crusades and Culture of the Middle Ages What was promised to crusaders by Pope Urban II? Leader of Muslim forces (2nd crusade) Effects on trade (think Italy!) and feudalism 4th Crusade (what was the effect on the Byzantine Empire?) Black Plague (Fleas on Rats!) Little Ice Age -----> Famine -----> Black Plague Explanations for the plague What were the results? (both obvious and positive!) Hundred Years War How did warfare change? How did Joan of Arc inspire the French soldiers? What made Spain’s new monarchy unique?

Chapter 13: Kingdoms and States of Africa Geography/Climate Climate zones and percentages African Society Focus on vocab!-------> diviners and griots Lineage Groups (all derived from common ancestor) Patrilineal vs. Matrilineal (most were the later) African Kingdoms Know which came first MANSA MUSA is important! Focus on trade (Ghana) and capital (Mali)

Helpful Resources Crash Course videos Historyteacher channel (YouTube) Fleas on Rats Mansa Musa