SSWH18a Conflicts of Note

Battle of Britain First "Air Force" battle Takes place over Britain Begins June 1940 Between the German “Luftwaffe” and the British “RAF” (Royal Air Force Takes place over Britain RADAR Warned citizens of incoming attacks and allowed time to evacuate

Pearl Harbor – “a date that will live in infamy” December 7, 1941 Japanese sneak attack on the US fleet Draws the US into WWII El Alemein Oct. 1942 North Africa Largest tank battle EVER Allied forces - Montgomery Axis – Mainly Germany Rommel AXIS POWERS LOSE

Battle of Stalingrad July 1942 – Feb. 1943 Germans advance to Stalingrad in RUSSIA German LOSS Begins the eastern advance west toward Berlin

Stalingrad

Teheran Conference Dec. 1943 Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin meet face to face The topic of conversation is the creation a western front Purpose, to force Germany into a two-front war in Europe Agree to the creation of the United Nations

D-Day Unified Allied invasion of Northern France June 6, 1944 Purpose: Open a western theatre of war in Europe Invaded along the beaches of France High casualties on both sides British, US, “French,” and others Allied powers win

Dover – the decoy

D- Day

Guadalcanal Aug. 1942 – Feb. 1943 Naval Battle in World War II First major offensive attack for Allied forces against Japan in the Pacific Theater Strategic Allied Victory

Pacific Strategy Island Hopping: amphibious landings on island chains across the Pacific, getting closer and closer to mainland Japan MacArthur returning to the Philippines

Philippines Battle between Allied forces and Japan Results in Allied Victory (EVENTUALLY) Key support from Australia (air, sea, land)

Bataan Death March Before the Allied Victory April 9, 1942 U.S. surrender to Japan at Bataan Peninsula (Philippines) Appx. 75,000 Filipino and American troops force to march 65-miles to prison camps. Intense heat and harsh treatment by Japanese lead to thousands of death

Battle of Midway Turning point of the war in the pacific June 5th 1942 Code breakers intercepted Japan’s messages and plans for battle While the Japanese forces were spread out in the Pacific, American forces were concentrated @ Midway US destroyed 4 Japanese aircraft carriers and 250 aircraft on board Japanese could no longer launch offensive attacks

Battle of the Bulge Dec. 1944 – Jan. 1945 Last German offensive during WWII Bloodiest campaign in Europe Marked the last obstacle as Allied troops moved towards Berlin

Nazism Supreme power of leader Extreme nationalism State control of a totalitarian state Anti-Semitism was a key part of ideology.

Anti-Semitism Final Solution Kristallnacht (night of broken glass) Mein Kampf Kristallnacht (night of broken glass) First act of aggression against Jewish population Destroyed homes, businesses Passed a law requiring the wearing of yellow stars Deportation to Ghettos Genocide Elimination of a “race” of people Holocaust 11 million people

V-E Day Stalingrad, Battle of Bulge May 8th of 1945 Forced Germany back to center May 8th of 1945 Above: Trafalgar Square, London Left: NY Times shows Times Square, NYC

Hiroshima and Nagasaki Hiroshima: dropped, 8/6/45 Plane – Enola Gay Bomb – “Big Boy” Nagasaki: dropped, 8/9/45 V-J Day August 15, 1945 Brought the end of WWII in the Pacific Official surrender took place on September 2, 1945 on the USS Missouri

Yalta Conference WHO Big Three WHAT USA: Roosevelt U.K.: Churchill U.S.S.R.: Stalin WHAT They agreed that Poland, Bulgaria, and Romania would host free elections Adhering to the Policy of self-determination Soviet Union occupied these states, Stalin was not compelled to enforce this policy WHEN February 1945 WHERE City of Yalta on the Black Sea

Potsdam Conference WHO WHAT Big Three WHEN July 1945 WHERE USA: Truman U.K.: Atlee U.S.S.R.: Stalin WHAT Decide to divide Germany into four zones of occupation – USA, GB, FR, USSR Agreed to new borders for Poland and free elections Stalin also reaffirmed his intentions to enter the war against Japan (Truman learns that the Atomic bomb has been successfully tested) WHEN July 1945 WHERE Potsdam – a suburb of Berlin

War Ends WHAT NEXT??? Marshall Plan MacArthur in Japan US plan to rebuild Europe (west) MacArthur in Japan US plan to rebuild Japan

More Post-War Cold War “Iron Curtain” Truman Doctrine Indirect conflict between USSR and US “Iron Curtain” Churchill’s metaphor for the divide between good (NATO) and bad (Warsaw Pact) Truman Doctrine Effort to CONTAIN communism