Vocabulary Chapter 2: Lesson 1 Mineral Inorganic Crystal Streak Luster Mohs Hardness Scale Cleavage Fracture geode Crystallization Solution vein

Mineral A naturally occurring solid that can form by inorganic processes with a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition (chemical formula) Not a rock: Rocks are made of minerals. Ex. Quartz, gold, diamond,

Inorganic Not formed from a living organism A: Organic Ex. Quartz is formed from magma

Crystal Repeating pattern of mineral particles Ex. Flat sides called faces and sharp edges or corner.

Streak Color of a mineral’s powder Ex. Color and streak can differ Pyrite: gold color: black or gray streak

Luster How light is reflected on a minerals surface Ex. Metalic, glassy, pearly, earthy, waxy, silky, greasy

Mohs Hardness Scale A scale to help identify minerals based on how hard they are. Ex. Fingernail, steel knife, diamond, nail,

Cleavage Splitting along flat surfaces based on how atoms are arranged. Ex. Mica remains the same shape

Fracture A mineral breaking in an irregular shape Ex. Not the same shape; quartz

geode A round hollow rock that is lined inside with crystals.

crystallization A process that arranges atoms in a particular pattern which forms a crystal structure

solution A mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another

vein A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is different than the rock around it