Convection in the Mantle

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Presentation transcript:

Convection in the Mantle http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/images/convection.gif Khan Academy Convection in the Mantle Video

Remember the three types of heat transfer? Radiation Conduction Convection https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSW5dUrZ7j7yS1_vyus3CBJhwrqg8zSTTgs20WE38xiN_s15oMs

Remember density? Amount of mass in a given volume Decreases as a substance is heated because molecules move faster, bounce around more and take up more space.... Increases as a substance cools.... http://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/density_box.gif

Changes in fluid density CONVECTION Flow that transfers heat within a fluid caused by Heating & Cooling of a fluid Changes in fluid density gravity

CONVECTION CURRENT When a fluid is heated its density decreases ...heat goes higher ...Hot air, hot water, hot rock rise When a fluid cools, its density increases ....Cold creeps lower ....Cold air, cold water, cool rock sink http://s.hswstatic.com/gif/lava-lamp-diagram.gif

Mantle rocks near Earth’s hot core are heated and become less dense than cooler, upper mantle rocks. These hotter rocks rise & the cooler rocks sink, creating slow convection currents, or convection cells. http://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-d215fa16a74ba6be8b64b3c0f1efd7c1?convert_to_webp=true

Convection cells in the mantle – in the asthenosphere - cause the lithosphere to move. https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSyvfSveOub3Z2twM3zqfxPjWsX3BRgvNPGQAtkq-dE6kllrHl6

Ridge-push Hypothesis Spooner, Alecia, Geology for Dummies, Wiley Publishing, 2011

Slab-Pull hypothesis Spooner, Alecia, Geology for Dummies, Wiley Publishing, 2011

Magma Plumes hypothesis Spooner, Alecia, Geoplogy for Dummies, Wiley Publishing, 2011