Shoumi Mustafa October 16, 2017 Pathways: From two-year college associate degrees to baccalaureate degrees Education Shoumi Mustafa October 16, 2017

Developing pathways: Questions & answers Information: Mapping the pathways How many associate degrees are granted by Ohio’s public two-year institutions? How many of the associate degrees are Applied/Technical and how many are in Arts/Science? Do four-year college enrollment rates differ by associate degree types? What about graduation rates? Answers from the data Almost 15,000 associate degrees granted by public two-year colleges in 2009-10. 11,641 – 77.8% – of all associate degrees are Applied/Technical degrees. Yes. Enrollment rates are 22.1% for Applied/Tech. & 48.8% for Arts/Science. Graduation rates also differ; 50.8% for Applied/Tech. & 70.1% for Arts/Science.

From associate to baccalaureate degrees Associate degrees granted by Ohio public two-year institutions fall in two broad categories: Applied & Technical: Associate of Applied Business (AAB); Associate of Applied Science (AAS); Associate of Technical Studies (ATS) & Associate of Information Technology (AIT). Arts & Sciences Associate of Arts (AA) & Associate of Science (AS). Depending on the associate degree type and the pathways students choose, they have varied options leading to baccalaureate degrees. The required combination of courses in four-year institutions depend on the following: Type of associate degree & area of concentration Preferred baccalaureate degree discipline

Information for developing pathways An efficient system eliminates course duplication, and ensures that credits accumulated under associate degrees apply to meeting baccalaureate degree requirements. In order to develop efficient pathways, we need mappings of pathways for each prominent baccalaureate degree discipline; we need information on the following: Associate degree types + Associate degree area concentrations Subsequent four-year institution enrollment patterns Baccalaureate degree receipt Baccalaureate degree discipline Baccalaureate degree names and degree granting institutions This report considers pathways leading to baccalaureate degrees in Education. Previous reports have considered Business and Social Work. A series of similar reports would be prepared for other disciplines/majors. Next: STEM Fields, Humanities.

Progression parameters: All associate degree recipients Associate degree types Subsequent four-year institution enrollment patterns Baccalaureate degree receipt Information presented in this report are obtained using data from the Higher Education Information (HEI) system of the Ohio Department of Higher Education.

Two-year college associate degrees in 2009-10: Distribution of degree type All Associate Degrees* N: 14,861 Applied/Technical Degrees N: 11,641 (77.8%) ATS: N:344 AAS: N:8,817 AAB: N:2,480 Arts/Science Degrees: N:3,220 (21.5%) AA: N:2,157 AS: N:960 AA & AS: N:103 AAB: Associate of Applied Business; AAS: Associate of Applied Science; ATS: Associate of Technical Studies; AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science. *An additional 73 individuals had received both Applied/Technical & Arts/Science degrees, and another 33 had received Associate degrees in Individual Studies. Those 106 students are excluded from the chart.

Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: All associate degree recipients All Associate Degrees N: 14,861 Applied/Technical Degrees N: 11,641 (77.8%) Four-year enrollment: 2,575 (22.1%) Graduation: 1,304 (50.8%) Arts/Science Degrees: N:3,220 (22.2%) 1,100 (70.1%) 1,569 (48.8%) Note: Four-year enrollment refers to attendance at Ohio public four-year main and regional campuses.

Distribution of Baccalaureate degree disciplines: All associate degree recipients

Moving to specific pathways: Education Questions What associate degree types usually lead to baccalaureate degrees in Education? Do baccalaureate degree disciplines differ between associate degree recipients with and without area concentration in Education, respectively? Do baccalaureate degree disciplines differ among associate degree recipients with Education concentration? We focus on Applied/Technical and Arts/Science degree comparisons.

Classification of associate degree types: Education In mapping the pathways from associate degree types to baccalaureate degrees in Education, we combine the associate degrees to obtain the following classifications. Combined group: (Associate of Applied Science + Associate of Technical Studies) – Education concentration Combined group: (Associate of Applied Science + Associate of Technical Studies) – Non-Education concentration Combined group: (Associate of Arts + Associate of Science) – Education concentration Combined group: (Associate of Arts + Associate of Science) – Non- Education concentration

What subjects fall under Education? A total of 75 distinct CIP codes (Classification of Instructional Programs from the National Center on Education Statistics, NCES) were used to identify Education concentration among Associate degree recipients. However, only 247 Associate degree recipients were found to have education concentrations. The following is a list of the programs, and the number of associate degree recipients for each program. Early Childhood Education (199): Elementary Education and Teaching, Kindergarten/Preschool Education and Teaching, Early Childhood Education and Teaching. 2. Middle Childhood Education (4): Junior High/Intermediate/Middle School Education and Teaching. 3. Multi-aged Education (38): Physical Education Teaching and Coaching, Teacher Assistant/Aide, Teacher Education-Multiple Levels, and Education- General. 4. Secondary Education (4): Secondary Education and Teaching. 5. Special Education (2): Education/Teaching of Individuals in Early Childhood Special Education.

Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: Classifications for the Education pathway Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Education Concentration Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Non-Education Concentration Associate of Arts + Science: Education Concentration Number of Associate degree recipients 181 11,460 66 3,154 Enrolled in Ohio public four-year institutions 52 2,523 28 1,541 Rate of enrollment 28.2% 22.0% 42.4% 48.9% Received baccalaureate degrees 19 1,307 1,080 Rate of graduation (of enrolled individuals) 36.5% 51.8% 67.9% 70.0%

AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science. Progression from associate to baccalaureate degrees: Classifications for the Education pathway All Associate Degrees N: 14,861 AAS + ATS: Education Conc. N=181 Enrl. Num & Rate: 52 (28.2%) Grad. Num & Rate: 19 (36.5%) Non- N=11,460 2,523 (22.0%) 1,307 (51.9%) AA + AS: N=66 28 (42.4%) 19 (67.9%) Non-Education Conc. N=3,154 1,541 (48.9%) 1,080 (70.3%) AAS: Associate of Applied Science; ATS: Associate of Technical Studies; AA: Associate of Arts; AS: Associate of Science.

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Classifications for the Education pathway Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Education Concentration Associate of Applied Science + Technical Studies: Non-Education Concentration Associate of Arts + Science: Education Concentration: Associate of Arts + Science: Non-Education Concentration Arts & Humanities 62 2 209 Business 3 171 177 Education 15 33 10 65 Engineering 144 80 Health 1 582 104 Natural Science & Mathematics 121 131 Services 96 25 Social & Behavioral Sci. 98 289 Total number of degrees* 19 1,307 1,080 *Note: Six baccalaureate degrees in Law are not included in the table.

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of applied science & technical studies Education concentration N=15 Total number of baccalaureate degrees: 19

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of applied science & technical studies – Non-Education concentration Associate degree program: Family & Consumer Studies: 8 N=582 N=171 N=96 N=98 N=62

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of arts & associate of science Education concentration N=2

Distribution of baccalaureate degree disciplines: Associate of arts & associate of science Non-Education concentration Associate degree program: 61 in Liberal & General Studies. Baccalaureate degrees: Elementary & Childhood: 20 Edu. Administration: 11 Special Education: 10 Mid. & Junior High.: 8 N=131 N=104 N=25

What did we learn? Large majorities of associate degrees granted by two-year institutions are Applied/Technical in nature. Of the 14,967 associate degrees granted in 2009-10 for example, 77.8% were Applied/Technical; Arts & Science degrees accounted 21.5%. In recent years, Applied/Technical shares have fallen to approximately 70.0%. Overall, the number of associate degree recipients who went on to receive baccalaureate degrees in Education is modest; 123 students received such degrees. Interestingly, among baccalaureate degree recipients in Education, those with Associate of Arts and Associate of Science degrees (without Education concentration) are the largest in number – 65. Associate of Applied Science & Technical Studies (without Education Concentration) have the second largest group of baccalaureate degree recipients in Education – 33, followed by Associate of Applied Science & Technical Studies degree (with Education concentration) recipients – 15. As a group, Associate of Applied Science & Technical Studies degree recipients with Education concentration have the highest proportion of baccalaureate degrees in Education.