Do Now: What is a Living Thing? Put your belongings down, bring your class material to your desk On a piece of loose-leaf paper, answer the following question: -Imagine you are an astronaut stepping foot onto an unexplored planet. -You find a strange object on the planet and want to determine if it is a living thing. -How do you determine this? (Think about what all living things have in common, ex. A Rock VS a Tree)

Life Functions of Living Things

Life Functions Respiration Regulation Reproduction Excretion Growth Nutrition Transport Synthesis =R R R E G N T S

What is Nutrition? The process by which an organism takes in materials from the external environment and changes them into a usable form Plants: Autotrophs Animals: Heterotrophs The usable parts of food are known as nutrients Water, minerals, sugars (carbohydrates), fats (lipids), and proteins are nutrients Is a three part process Ingestion: the taking in of food Digestion: the breaking down of food Egestion: the elimination of undigested food (solid waste)

Transport The process by which items are absorbed and distributed (circulated) by a cell or tissue The process by which materials are carried across an organelle membrane (ex. cell, nuclear, or mitochondria membrane)

Respiration The process by which chemical energy from nutrients is released The Nutrients are broken down into simpler forms causing energy to be released The chemical energy is converted into ATP 2 Types:

Excretion The removal of cellular waste products from the body or from cells Salt water (sweat), urine, and Carbon dioxide are the waste products excreted from your body ** Remember if it cannot fit through the pores of your skin it is not waste***

Synthesis The assembly of 1 large particle from 1 or more small particles The manufacturing of compound and complex sugars, protein assembly and lipid generation are examples of synthesis

Growth The increase in size Usually, the raw materials for growth are produced through synthesis

Regulation The coordination and control of all life functions within an organism This is usually the 1st life function Improper regulation causes metabolism problems Responding to changes in the environment to maintain homeostasis. Plants grow towards light, people react to temperature

Reproduction Production of new individuals, also capable of reproducing Not required for a single organism to survive, but necessary for a species 2 types: 1) asexual reproduction--involves one parent and the offspring are identical to the parent 2) sexual reproduction--involves two parents and the offspring is a combination of both parents

Metabolism and Homeostasis Metabolism is the sum of all life functions working together to keep an organism alive—not just related to food An organism's external (outside) environment is always changing. By keeping control and regulating its metabolic activities, an organism can maintain a stable internal (inside) environment. This is called HOMEOSTASIS.

Independent Work Please complete the hand out. You may use your notes or a textbook as a reference You will receive a short assessment on this material before leaving class today. Please make sure you know it!