5.1 Classifying Solutions

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Presentation transcript:

5.1 Classifying Solutions Chemistry 20 - Chapter 5 5.1 Classifying Solutions

Matter Can Be Classified

Solutions Are homogeneous mixtures of substances composed of at least one solute and one solvent.

Solutions Solute - a pure substance (s, l, or g) that is dissolved in a solvent. Solvent - a pure substance in which a solute is dissolved.

Solutions solutes and solvents can be gases, liquids, or solids. most common solvent is water water based solutions are the focus of this chapter

Electrolytes solutions that contain dissolved ions are electrolytes these solutions conduct electricity (conductivity tester) formed when ionic solids are dissolved or when acids are added to water

Non-electrolytes do not conduct electricity no ions present non-soluble ionic compounds and molecular compounds form non-electrolytic solutions when dissolved in water

Acidic, Basic, or Neutral? test with litmus paper acids turn blue litmus to red but have no effect on red litmus e.g. HCl (aq), H2SO4(aq) bases turn red litmus to blue but have no effect on blue litmus e.g. NaOH(aq), Ba(OH)2(aq)

Acidic, Basic, or Neutral? neutral solutions have no effect on litmus e.g. NaCl(aq), C12H22O11(aq)

Diagnostic Tests are used to determine properties of a solution conductivity test - used to test for electrolytes litmus test - used to test for acidic, basic, or neutral solutions