MARINE (SALT WATER) AQUARIUM 101

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Presentation transcript:

MARINE (SALT WATER) AQUARIUM 101 with Captain Pete

Aquarium Size Bigger is better Gallons to fish ratio = 1-2 inch/gallon water* Size of fish matters

SUBSTRATE As natural as possible: Crushed shell for pH buffering Gravel provides space for “good” bacteria to live in. Sand can be bad – substrate becomes anoxic

Filtration Many kind of filters. All provide essentially the same service - Removal of contaminates and toxins Examples: Hanging Filters Canister Filters Wet/dry trickle filters Corner filters Protein skimmers

3 types of filtration in each filter Mechanical Sponges remove large particulates Chemical Activated carbon (charcoal) removes dissolved metals, inorganics and some ammonia Biological Removes organic waste (NH3, NO3, NO2) Bioballs mimic “Nitrogen Cycle”

The Nitrogen Cycle Natural process through which toxic ammonia produced by all animals is reduced to nitrogen and oxygen. Ammonia hinders fish from taking up O2 across gills. Three groups of “good” bacteria Nitrifying bacteria = oxidize ammonia (NH3) to Nitrite (NO2) Nitrite (NO2) then is converted to Nitrate (NO3) by a second group of bacteria Denitrifying bacteria then process nitrate into nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2)

Water parameters pH should be slightly basic (7.5-8.5) Salinity: 28-35 ppt Dilute with dechlorinated water Ammonia: 0.5 ppm – take corrective action. Water changes (10-25%) Feed less Clean filter but only with salt water pH should be slightly basic (7.5-8.5)