Sugar, Bread, Potatoes, nom nom…. Carbohydrates Sugar, Bread, Potatoes, nom nom….

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are the most abundant of the 4 types of biomolecules. What are the 4 types of biomolecules? Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

Monomers What are the monomers for Carbohydrates? Monosaccharides (simple sugars) How are the monosaccharides combined into carbohydrates? Dehydration Synthesis (removing 1 water molecule)

Structure Carbohydrates are made up of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen. Glucose: C6H12O6

Function Main source of energy for plants and animals (including people) Carbohydrates act as a FAST source of energy, but can also be stored for later use. Carbohydrates are easy for the body to break down which is why they are a FAST source of energy

Production Carbohydrates are produced by plants using what process? Photosynthesis! Where in the plant cell does this occur? Chloroplasts!

Transport Carbohydrates start breaking in down inside of your mouth with an enzyme in your saliva called amylase. Carbohydrates then move into the bloodstream from small intestines

Transport The pancreas produces insulin which is a hormone that helps cells absorb glucose Glucose is broken down in Mitochondria and used to generate ATP (Adenosine Tri Phosphate) which is the body’s main energy source. This is done with 3 specific cycles called Glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, and the ETC (Electron Transport Chain).

Examples - Monosaccharides

Examples - Disaccharides

Examples Chitin- found in the shell of bugs, and the cell walls of fungi Cellulose- found in the cell wall of plant cells Glycogen- how animals (like people) store carbohydrates to be used later Starch- how plants store carbohydrates