Treaty of Versailles: Wilson Leaves to Negotiate Do Now: How should WWI end? Treaty of Versailles: Wilson Leaves to Negotiate

Match the WWI cause with the Wilson solution. In other words… 14 Points Point WWI Cause Wilson’s Solution 1 2 3 4 5 7 12 14 Match the WWI cause with the Wilson solution. In other words…

Reading Readiness 0-I did nothing 1-I read somewhat but spent the time talking 2-I read and can present but am not sure of my answers 3-I read and am confident that I can present

Gauge your Role During this Task Give yourself a 0-If you did absolutely nothing to help your team 1-If you did the task just for completing it without regard for meaning, understanding or other people in your group 2-If you are in the middle 3-If you read, made the connections and communicated your assigned section’s relevance to the task

14 Points Point WWI Cause Wilson’s Solution 1 2 3 4 5 7 12 14 Secret Treaties 2. UGSW 3. UGSW and trade rights 4. Arms race 5. Imperialism 7. Germany invades Belgium 12. Not a cause but the Armenian Genocide 14. European tension Open covenants of peace Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers Armaments will be reduced  adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight VII. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored XII. The Turkish portion of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life XIV. A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike. What was Wilson’s Strategy?

Congress would have the biggest issue with the League of Nations or Point 14

League of Nations THE COVENANT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES, In order to promote international co- operation and to achieve international peace and security by the acceptance of obligations not to resort to war Question: What would the US lose by joining the League of Nations?

League of Nations For Against

The League as a supranational government would limit the power of the American government from determining its own affairs. My colleagues feel that such a league would keep the US in an alliance system. Henry Cabot Lodge

Century Clip https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GBWDQ5cF_U

What Should Happen to Germany? World Power The rise and fall of Germany chart World War I New Nation

Britain France US Germany Negotiate items listed in chart Start with issue 1 and vote to select an option. Place the selected option under group decision. Germany has a similar sheet with a wish list, however, they have no say or voting power. If the person playing the role of Germany gets out of hand use the “shut up we will invade you card” If Germany France and Britain vote to take something, Germany must give up the card that pertains to that option issue.

Germany Cards above this symbol go to Germany while the two shut up cards go to the British and the French Britain France

Directions: Negotiate the points in your group, circle the option your group selected and collect German cards based on outcome. Devote 5 minutes of discussion for each point before proceeding to the next slide or issue.

Issue 1: Who is to blame? Who should accept the war guilt? 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

SECTION l. GENERAL PROVISIONS. ARTICLE 231. Pride Card Germany gives up SECTION l. GENERAL PROVISIONS. ARTICLE 231. The Allied and Associated Governments affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her allies.

2. Circle your group’s option Issue 2: War cost money due to depleted resources, soldiers and destruction? 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

Card Germany gives up ARTICLE 235. In order to enable the Allied and Associated Powers to proceed at once to the restoration of their industrial and economic life, pending the full determination of their claims, Germany shall pay in such installments and in such manner (whether in gold, commodities, ships, securities or otherwise) as the Reparation Commission may fix, during 1919, 1920 and the first four months Of 1921 , the equivalent of 20,000,000,000 gold marks. Out of this sum the expenses of the armies of occupation subsequent to the Armistice of November 11, 1918, shall first be met, and such supplies of food and raw materials as may be judged by the Governments of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers to be essential to enable Germany to meet her obligations for reparation may also, with the approval of the said Governments, be paid for out of the above sum. The balance shall be reckoned towards liquidation of the amounts due for reparation. Germany shall further deposit bonds as prescribed in paragraph 12 (c) Of Annex II hereto.

ARTICLE 321. Germany undertakes to grant freedom of transit through her territories on the routes most convenient for international transit, either by rail, navigable waterway, or canal, to persons, goods, vessels, carriages, wagons and mails coming from or going to the territories of any of the Allied and Associated Powers (whether contiguous or not); for this purpose the crossing of territorial waters shall be allowed. Such persons, goods, vessels, carriages, wagons, and mails shall not be subjected to any transit duty or to any undue delays or restrictions, and shall be entitled in Germany to national treatment as regards charges, facilities, and all other matters.

2. Circle your group’s option Issue 3: Reduction of arms should be a German or shared European power effort? 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

ARTICLE 160. (1) By a date which must not be later than March 31, 1920, the German Army must not comprise more than seven divisions of infantry and three divisions of cavalry. After that date the total number of effectives in the Army of the States constituting Germany must not exceed one hundred thousand men, including officers and establishments of depots. The Army shall be devoted exclusively to the maintenance of order within the territory and to the control of the frontiers. Card Germany gives up

This chart dictates exactly how much military the German Army could have even down to the amount of bullets.

2. Circle your group’s option Issue 4: German colonies in Africa 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

Card Germany gives up MANDATES IN AFRICA  PART IV  GERMAN RIGHTS AND INTERESTS OUTSIDE GERMANY.  ARTICLE 118.  In territory outside her European frontiers as fixed by the present Treaty, Germany renounces all rights, titles and privileges whatever in or over territory which belonged to her or to her allies, and all rights, titles and privileges whatever their origin which she held as against the Allied and Associated Powers. 

2. Circle your group’s option Issue 5: Rhineland: A strategic area for Germany on the French border. Possession could result in an asset for owner. 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

LEFT BANK OF THE RHINE. ARTICLE 42. Card Germany gives up LEFT BANK OF THE RHINE. ARTICLE 42. Germany is forbidden to maintain or construct any fortifications either on the left bank of the Rhine or on the right bank to the west of a line drawn 50 kilometres to the East of the Rhine. ARTICLE 43 In the area defined above the maintenance and the assembly of armed forces, either permanently or temporarily, and military maneuvers of any kind, as well as the upkeep of all permanent works for mobilization, are in the same way forbidden.

2. Circle your group’s option Issue 6: Alsace-Lorraine: Another strategic area on the French German border but this land was lost by France to Germany in the 1870s after the Franco Prussian War 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

Articles 31-117 France controls much of Alsace Lorraine through transit, courts and other institutions Card Germany gives up

2. Circle your group’s option Issue 7: Animals and Further Reparations. Animals which are valuable were killed during WWI. As part of reparations, how much if any should those responsible for starting the war replace? 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

Reparations (1) To the French Government. 500 stallions (3 to 7 years); 30,000 fillies and mares (18 months to 7 years), type: Ardennais, Boulonnais or Belgian; 2,000 bulls (18 months to 3 years); 90,000 milch cows (2 to 6 years); 1,000 rams; 100,000 sheep; 10,000 goats. (2) To the Belgian Government. 200 stallions (3 to 7 years), large Belgian type; 5,000 mares (3 to 7 years), large Belgian type; 5,000 fillies (18 months to 3 years), large Belgian type; 50,000 milch cows (2 to 6 years); 40,000 heifers; 200 rams; 20,000 Sheep; Card Germany gives up

2. Circle your group’s option Issue 9: League of Nations: Wilson’s idea. 1. Discuss for 5 minutes 2. Circle your group’s option 3. In your personal notes record the info from the next slide to document the correct information in case your group decided on something different.

Questions 1. How did Versailles restrict Germany? 2. Why do you think Britain and France set out to punish Germany? 3. How could the stripping of the German Empire create problems?

League of Nations For Against

The League as a supranational government would limit the power of the American government from determining its own affairs. My colleagues feel that such a league would keep the US in an alliance system. Henry Cabot Lodge

Summary The Treaty removed the status of empire from Germany that we discussed at the start of the WWI unit. Without a government (Germany had to accept the Weimar Republic which was the new post-WWI democratic government for Germany), military or colonies, Germany and her economy suffered. Basically, Britain and France eliminated their economic and political rival for the time being.