Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell.

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Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 1. Comparison of urine β2-MG and UAER level between groups (n, mean x ± s) A. Model, and Model + CUR groups exhibited higher urine β2-MG levels than that of Sham group (* P<0.05), and Model + CUR group showed a lower urine β2-MG level than Model group (# P<0.05) (n, mean x ± s) B. Model, and Model + CUR groups exhibited higher urine UAER levels than that of Sham group (* P<0.05), and Model + CUR group showed a lower urine UAER level than Model group (# P<0.05) (n, mean x ± s). © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 2. Comparison of renal function indexes between groups (n, mean x ± s), Model, and Model + CUR groups exhibited higher levels of serum Cr and BUN than Sham group (* P<0.05), and Model + CUR group showed lower levels of serum Cr and BUN than Model group (# P<0.05). © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 3. Histological presentation and comparison between groups. A. Histological presentation of sham group, and renal tubules and glomerulus displayed normal renal histological structure B. Histological presentation of model group, medulla and renal cortex and pale medulla were serious edema and congestion; glomeruli and renal interstitium were hyperemia; renal tubular epithelial cells were evidently hydropic degeneration C. Histological presentation of CUR+Model group, showed more significantly decreased renal tissue damage in comparison with Model group. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 4. Comparison of the score of renal tubules between groups (n, mean x ± s), score of renal tubule in Model + CUR group was higher than that of Sham group (*P<0.05), and the above index of Model group was even higher than that of Model + CUR group (#P<0.05). © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 5. Comparison of the iNOS, eNOS, NO and cGMP by ELISA between groups (n, mean x ± s), iNOS, NO and cGMP levels in Model + CUR group was much higher than sham group (*P<0.05), and the above factors levels in Model group was even higher than that of Model + CUR group (#P<0.05); whereas eNOS levels among sham, Model, Model + CUR were comparable with each other. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 6. Effect of curcumin on the expression of iNOS and eNOS by real-time PCR and western blotA. Model, and Model + CUR groups exhibited higher levels of iNOS than Sham group (* P<0.05), and Model + CUR group showed a lower level of iNOS than Model group (# P<0.05) B. There is no obvious difference in eNOS mRNA and protein levels among sham, Model, Model + CUR. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 7. Comparison of the expression of PKG and Caspase-3 between groups A. PKG level in Model + CUR group was higher than that of Sham group (*P<0.05), and PKG level of Model group was even higher than that of Model + CUR group (#P<0.05) B. Model, and Model + CUR groups exhibited higher levels of Caspase-3 than Sham group (* P<0.05), and Model + CUR group showed lower levels of Caspase-3 than Model group (# P<0.05). © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 8. Effect of curcumin on the transcription of promoter of iNOS and eNOS using luciferase assayA. iNOS promoter enhanced the transcription of luciferase compared with empty control (* P<0.05), and luciferase activity of iNOS promoter and iNOS promoter plus CUR groups were comparable. B. eNOS promoter enhanced the transcription of luciferase compared with empty control (* P<0.05), which was abolished by treating with CUR (* P<0.05). © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Administration of Curcumin Protects Kidney Tubules Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (RIRI) by Modulating Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling Pathway Cell Physiol Biochem 2017;44:401–411 - DOI:10.1159/000484920 Fig. 9. Schematic description of the effect of curcumin on iNOS/NO/cGMP/PKG/Caspase-3 signaling pathway. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0