Restoration Drama and Prose Betül ALTAŞ

Charles II became the king in 1660. The change in the government was as great as the change in the literature. Theatres opened again. New Dramatists appeared.

One of them was John Dryden. He wrote plays in heroic couplets. One of his best heroic plays is The Conquest of Granada (1670). Another of his heroic plays is Aurengzebe (1676). *restoration, return to rule by kings in 1660 after twenty years of rule by Parliament.

In his plays, fine speeches and poor ones might follow each other in an astonishing way. His first comedy Marriage-a-la-Mode in bad blank verse, appeared in 1672. His well-known play, All for love (1678) which is based on Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra is in blank verse. However, it was not valued highly.

Don Sebastian is considered as his best play. There is usually some good and bad writing in his plays. Some of the men of his time found it stupid to see extra-ordinary situations in his heroic plays.

The second Duke of Buckingham produced a comedy, The Rehearsal (1672) which satirized them. * satire * satirist

Thomas Otway wrote three tragedies: Don Carlos The Orphan *Venice Preserved A new kind of Comedy, The Comedy of Manners, appeared at the end of this century .

This kind of comedy was bright and witty but heartless. It was introduced by Sir George Etherege, The Man of Mode . William Wycherley was a satirical dramatist. The Country Wife His best plays The Plain Dealer

The better than these were: The plays of William Congreve: His first comedy was The Old Bachelor. The Double Dealer Love for Love These three plays followed Etherege’s style but The Way of the World is finer than any other play of the time. * Unfortunately, it was not well received, and Congreve stopped writing plays.

Sir John Vanbrugh wrote: The Relapse (1696) The Provoked Wife (1697) The Confederacy (1705) These plays reflect the behaviour of upper-class society of the time. Many people were reading Paradise Lost by Milton.

Others read the Pilgrim’s Progress , John Bunyan’s great allegory of Christian’s journey to heaven. Olivier Goldsmith wrote She Stoops to Conquer (1773). Richard Brinsley produced The Rivals (1775) and The School for Scandal (1777). His third important play was The Critic, a satire.

John Dryden’s critical works include his Essay on Dramatic Poesie (1668). Dryden defended the use of rhyme in drama and he praised Shakespeare. Dryden’s prose is very significant. He compared English and French drama and mentioned the limitations which the French set themselves by keeping to unities of time and space.