The History, Structure, Development, and Destruction HURRICANES The History, Structure, Development, and Destruction Done by: Suzette Ferguson Kedian Drummond Thomlie Eulitte Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm

What is a hurricane? Violent cyclonic storm that develops in the tropical region Wind speeds are > 74 mph Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=680

Rotation and Pressure In which direction does a hurricane rotate? COUNTERCLOCKWISE Is the barometric pressure inside the hurricane high or low? LOW

When is Hurricane Season? June 1st through November 31st

Ever wonder how hurricanes get their names? Storms were named according to a phonetic alphabet (e.g., Able, Baker, Charlie) and the names used were the same for each hurricane season. Tropical storms are given names when they display a rotating circulation pattern and wind speeds of 39 miles per hour.

What is the role of the National Weather Service during hurricane season? Provides weather information, such as data from satellites Responsible for issuing watches and warnings to the media and general public

Watch vs. Warning What is the difference between a Hurricane Watch and a Hurricane Warning? Watch – Tropical storm poses a threat to coastal areas with 36 hours Warning - Tropical storm conditions are expected in a coastal area within 24 hours

What conditions must be present for a hurricane to develop? Warm ocean temperatures (>80˚ F) up to 60m deep Little to no wind shear Low pressure system at least 5˚ North or South of Equator Rotation caused by winds Source: http://lwf.ncdc.noaa. gov/oa/reports/fran/fran.html

What is the major source of energy fueling a hurricane? Heat Energy evaporating from the ocean surface Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hyd/evap.rxml

Hurricane Anatomy Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htm

Another look at the Structure Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htm

Compare the Following Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hurr/stages/home.rxml

Comparison of Terms Tropical Disturbance Group of thunderstorms in the tropics that are present for at least 24 hours Tropical Wave Lack of circulation, winds <25 mph and every direction Tropical Depression Closed circulation but disorganized, winds at least 25 mph

Comparison of Terms Tropical Storm Shower and thunderstorm moves over closed circulation, winds greater than 39 mph Hurricane Eye is developed, winds > 74 mph

By what two factors is hurricane strength measured? Wind Speed Barometric Pressure

How Hurricanes are Formed

What is the Name of the Scale Used to Categorize Hurricanes? Saffir-Simpson Scale Category Max Wind Speed (mph) Min. Surface Pressure (mb) Storm Surge m (ft) 1 74-96 > 980 1-1.7 (3-5) 2 97-111 979-965 1.8-2.6 (6-8) 3 112-131 964-945 2.7-3.8 (9-12) 4 132-155 944-920 3.9-5.6 (13-18) 5 > 155 < 920 > 5.7 (>19) Source: http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/hurricane/saffir-simpson.html

What causes the damage in a hurricane? Winds Flooding Storm Surge

What is a storm surge? Large wall or dome of water that rushes into the coastline as a result of a hurricane making landfall.

What destroys a hurricane? Strong vertical winds Cold water Movement over land Friction Lack of moisture

Explain why the majority of the costliest storms are relatively recent Damage is a result of development There are more developed areas and possessions than in the past Source: http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1992andrew.html

Explain why the deadliest storms were longer ago. Lack of instrumentation to predict and track storms People were not warned of the incoming danger Damages from Hurricane Ivan Results of the Galveston Hurricane Source: http://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=

How has a hurricane affected you personally? Damage to your house from wind? Damage from flooding? Destroyed vacation house? Damage to family members’ homes?

Flooding as a result of a Hurricane Ivan http://cindi.usgs.gov/cindi/hazard/event/floyd/ncflood/mediums/img023.jpg

Damage to St. James Extensive Flooding Extended Power outages Flood Related Deaths Property Damage Source:http://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt

Damage to Jamaica

Protection Listen to warnings Take all warnings seriously Follow evacuations Prepare Food and Water for extensive power outages

THE END Source: http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~pgore/students/w97/matheson/hpage.htm