Catalysts speed up the rate of the reaction. lowers the energy input required for a chemical reaction to happen remains unchanged at the end of the reaction

Enzymes are Biological catalysts Enzymes control chemical reactions that take place in the cytoplasm. http://programs.northlandcollege.edu/biology/Biology1111/animations/enzyme.html Catalase in an example of an enzyme made by living cells

Catalase The enzyme catalase breaks down the waste substance hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. catalase Hydrogen peroxide oxygen +water (enzyme) (substrate) (products)

Lock and Key http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html

Degradation reactions animation

Degradation reactions Starch Maltose

Synthesis Reaction es Active site

Synthesis reaction Glucose-1-phosphate Starch

Properties of enzymes Speed up reactions. Made of protein. Are specific. Not used up during the reaction. Require optimum conditions at which they work best. At high temperature they become denatured

Enzymes only work best in particular environments Enzymes only work best in particular environments..like a specific range of temperature..

- and pH

Even the amount of enzyme and substrate have an effect.

All chemical reactions require a certain amount of energy to get them going…here chemicals AB and CD must absorb energy from their environment before they can reach the ‘transition state’ to break bonds and form new chemicals.

The presence of enzymes specific for these chemicals lowers the amount of energy needed to run the reaction - the ‘activation energy’.

Degradation reaction Substrate Enzyme Product Memory Hydrogen peroxide Catalase Oxygen and water HPCOW Starch Amylase Maltose Maltase Glucose Protein Pepsin Peptides Protease Amino acids Fats Lipase Fatty Acids and Glycerol