Chapter 13 Challenge and Transition in East Asia Lesson 1 The Decline of the Qing Dynasty

Westerners’ Effects on Chinese Economy • Introduction of modern transportation and communication • Creation of an export market • Integration of the Chinese market into the world economy of the 1800s

Tai Ping Rebellion Goals Land ownership Give land to all peasants. Hold lands and farms in common. Personal property Give up private possessions. Equally share in money, food, and clothing. Human rights Treat women as equal to men.

Pressures on the Qing Internal External Corruption Modern Western influence Peasant unrest Trade concessions Population growth Opium War Calls for political reform Spheres of influence Tai Ping Rebellion Advance of imperialism Boxer Rebellion Open Door policy Indemnities

Lesson 2 Revolution in China Chapter 13 Lesson 2 Revolution in China

Sun Yat-sen • Revolutionary leader who tried to modernize China • Developed a three-stage model for changing the government o Military takeover o Preparation for democratic rule o Democracy based on constitution • Created Nationalist Party from radical groups across China

Sun Yat-sen • Advocated “Three People’s Principles” o Nationalism o Democracy o People’s livelihood (including redistribution of wealth) • Inspired revolution of 1911, which resulted in end of Qing dynasty

Civil Unrest After the Fall of the Qing • Nationalists accept General Yuan Shigai as leader of China because he controls the army. • Yuan resists attempts to move China in democratic direction. o Dismisses regional governors o Does not consult parliament • Nationalists lead unsuccessful revolt against Yuan. • Yuan dies and is succeeded by one of his officers. • Warlords seize control in provinces, and central government disintegrates.

Lesson 3 The Rise of Modern Japan Chapter 13 Lesson 3 The Rise of Modern Japan

The executive branch was given more power than parliament. Liberals vs. Progressives During the Meiji Restoration Liberals Progressives Political model Supreme authority was given to a parliament based on the model of Western liberal democracies. The executive branch was given more power than parliament. Political system adopted No Yes Outcome — Most authority was given to the executive branch. The system was democratic in form but authoritarian in practice.

Significance of the Russo-Japanese War • Marked the first victory of an Asian nation over a European power in modern times • Made Japan one of the world's great powers • Gave Japan a foothold in Manchuria • Reinforced Japan as the dominant power in Korea • Ended Russia’s expansion in East Asia