Surprise Quiz - When finished, bring it to the front tray Get digestive system ½ sheet Label the diagram as best you can We will revise it later

Fed Up Dietary fiber is also known as roughage. ___T___ The number of calories in an average bagel in 2005 was 2.5 times the number of calories in 1985. ___T___ Twinkies contain a lot of sugar, but little fiber and few nutrients. ___T___ 4. The number of calories in a cheeseburger increased by 333 between 1985 and 2005. __F__ 5. Foods high in salt, sugar, and fat are the foods least likely to stimulate the brain’s reward system. ___F__ 6. The bigger the serving of food, the more people tend to eat. ___T__ 7. Smart snacks are those that are high in fiber and nutrients. ___T__ 8. Dietary fiber slows the passage of food through the digestive system. __F___ 9. Humans devote more of what they eat to fueling their brains than a chimp. ___T__ 10. The avg serving of a soft drink in 1985 had about 85% of the calories that an avg had in 2005. ___F___ 34% Yo!!

The Digestive System Chapter 14

Challenge Problem Pick up CH14 note packet from the front Write down anything you know about the digestive system Why do we get stomach aches? Why is the digestive system important?

The Digestive System Chapter 14

Challenge Problem 1. The esophagus is in between the _______ and the ______. 2. Describe either mechanical digestion or chemical digestion. 3. The last organ in the digestive system is the Small intestine large intestine pancreas 4. What is your favorite fast food meal? 5. Get a note packet from the front.

LEARNING GOALS 14.A - Define the function of the digestive system and the purpose of metabolism. 14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs 14.C - Identify the overall function of the digestive food stuff and describe the general activities of each digestive organ 14.E: Describe the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food stuff as it is moved and mixed along the tract

Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food Absorption of nutrients 14.A - Define the function of the digestive system and the purpose of metabolism. Function: Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food Absorption of nutrients Elimination of wastes Metabolism: The sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body Produces cellular energy (ATP)for use in all constructive/degradative cellular activities

Quick Quiz #1 What is another word for “alimentary canal?” Where does the alimentary canal begin? Where does the alimentary canal end?

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs 14.C - Identify the overall function of the digestive food stuff and describe the general activities of each digestive organ

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs Salivary Glands Parotid - ear, cheek Submandibular - below jaw Sublingual - under tongue

14.E: Describe the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food stuff as it is moved and mixed along the tract Function of the Mouth: Mechanical: Food is chewed and broken down. Cheeks and lips keep food between teeth. Tongue manipulates and circulates food and begins swallowing. Chemical: Enjoyment of food through taste buds and mixes food with saliva.

Quick Quiz #2 1. How does digestion of food begin with the mouth?

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs This thing is why you make sound when you hiccup Pharynx    Back of mouth Throat area Above the larynx 

Quick Quiz #3 What do you think would happen if we were to eat or drink upside down? How do astronauts in space eat and drink?

Function of the Pharynx: Mechanical: 14.E: Describe the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food stuff as it is moved and mixed along the tract Function of the Pharynx: Mechanical: Peristalis (Paris-tall-sis): propels food down the pharynx to the esophagus with muscular contractions

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs Esophagus: Tube that runs from the mouth to the stomach **The walls of the alimentary canal organs from the esophagus to the Large intestine are made of the same 4 basic tissue layers**

Function of the Esophagus: 14.E: Describe the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food stuff as it is moved and mixed along the tract Function of the Esophagus: Mechanical: Moves food down the esophagus from the pharynx to the stomach (peristalsis)

Peristalsis

Real video of gastric endoscopy

Challenge Problem **Little Company of Mary Hospital is looking for volunteers, see flyer on the wall** Could humans survive in Upside Down Land where everything hangs upside down? Explain Describe how the digestive system functions for humans. What might result from a dog eating something non- digestible? ---------

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs BASIC TISSUES OF THE CANAL FROM THE ESOPHAGUS TO THE LARGE INTESTINE 1.  Mucosa - protects tissues and carries absorption 2.  Submucosa - glands, blood vessels, nerves 3.  Muscular Layer - smooth muscle tissue, circular & longitudinal fibers that pushes food along 4.  Serosa (serous layer) - outer covering of the tube, lubricates surfaces (serous fluid)

Wall of the Alimentary Canal

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs Stomach: - Stores recently swallowed food

Functions of the stomach: 14.E: Describe the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food stuff as it is moved and mixed along the tract Functions of the stomach: Mechanical: Store recently swallowed food. Mixes food as well. Chemical: Acids within the stomach help to break down food into smaller parts to be absorbed by the blood.

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs STOMACH MUSCLES:   Longitudinal, Circular, Oblique

Lower esophageal sphincter demo Get stethoscope Get something to drink Listen to your partner’s lower esophageal sphincter working

Stomach Lining Mucus prevents stomach from digesting itself Gastric Juices contain acids that break down food  - secreted by gastric glands   PEPSIN  - most important digestive enzyme for breaking down food Mucus prevents stomach from digesting itself  

14.C - Identify the overall function of the digestive food stuff and describe the general activities of each digestive organ Chyme - paste, after food has been broken down, released then into the duodenum via the pyloric sphincter valve Rugae - folds within stomach Gastric Pits contain glands to make juices  

Thinking of the stomach and weight loss… - Next week we will be doing a lab about the food y’all eat Thinking of the stomach and health and weight loss… What are some ways people can lose weight? Let’s see a couple ways OR, we could do what?!!!

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs PANCREAS Endocrine gland

Function of Pancreas Mechanical: None 14.E: Describe the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food stuff as it is moved and mixed along the tract Function of Pancreas Mechanical: None Chemical: Regulates blood sugar levels with Insulin and Glucagon. Pancreatic juice also helps to break down fats

14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs Gall Bladder - under liver cystic duct --> common bile duct           Function stores bile, digests fat                  *gallstones may form

1 large right lobe | 1 smaller left lobe 14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs  Liver  1 large right lobe  | 1 smaller left lobe

Function of the Liver Chemical: Blood glucose levels 14.E: Describe the chemical and mechanical breakdown of food stuff as it is moved and mixed along the tract Function of the Liver Chemical: Blood glucose levels Breakdown of lipids and fats Protein metabolism Stores vitamins Removes toxin Destroys damaged RBC’s Secretes bile

Liver - ducts and vessels 14.C - Identify the overall function of the digestive food stuff and describe the general activities of each digestive organ Liver - ducts and vessels Hepatic duct --> to common bile duct Hepatic portal vein - circulates blood through liver

14.I DESCRIBE THE METABOLIC ROLE OF THE LIVER- 3 FACTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O71niTozP-o

Small Intestine Starts at the pyloric sphincter 14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs Small Intestine   Starts at the pyloric sphincter 1.  Duodenum (duo-deenum) 2.  Jejunum 3.  Ileum **Mesentery  - Membrane holds it together,  contains blood vessels

Greater Omentum

Challenge Problem- collecting 1. Identify 2 things we would not be able to do if someone removed our liver. 2. Describe peristalsis. 3. Besides regulating blood sugar, what is another function of the pancreas? 4. Would you rather lose the function of your esophagus or your stomach? Explain

Function of the small intestine Mechanical: 14.C - Identify the overall function of the digestive food stuff and describe the general activities of each digestive organ Function of the small intestine Mechanical: Move food from the stomach down the digestive tract Chemical: Secrete chemicals to break down food Carry nutrients away in the blood stream In other words ABSORBTION

Large Intestine: Cecum Appendix Colon (4 parts) Ascending Transverse 14.B - Name the organs of the alimentary canal and accessory organs 14.C - Identify the overall function of the digestive food stuff and describe the general activities of each digestive organ Large Intestine: Cecum Appendix Colon (4 parts) Ascending Transverse Descending Sigmoid Rectum Anus

Function of the Large Intestine 14.C - Identify the overall function of the digestive food stuff and describe the general activities of each digestive organ Function of the Large Intestine Mechanical: Mass movements (defecation): removes undigested food Chemical: Secretes mucus Aids in digestion (bacteria in Large intestine: intestinal flora) *****REABSORBS WATER***** MOST IMPORTANT FUNCTION

Intestinal villi - increase surface area to absorb nutrients, connect to vessels

Quick Quiz If a patient is malnourished, what part of the digestive system may not be functioning properly? Patients with colon cancer have trouble properly doing what?

stomach transverse colon ascending colon descending colon cecum appendix sigmoid colon rectum

1.  esophagus 2.  liver 3.  stomach 4. pyloric sphincter 5.  duodenum 6.  pancreas 7.  jejunum 8.  ileum 9.  cecum 10. appendix 11.  ascending colon 12.  descending colon 13.  sigmoid colon 14.  anus

Challenge Problem Get a sheet from the front and give it the college tear Digestive System Quiz Tomorrow/Wed

Digestive system review- Describe the function of the following terms Mouth Cavity Large Intestine Digestive System Small Intestine Pancreas Gall Bladder Liver Esophagus Rectum Metabolism Anus Stomach Be able to label the organs inside the digestive system

Challenge Problem Get out your notes and study guide you have 10 minutes to study and quiz each other You can write directly on the test When finished - bring to the front basket - grab article and coding ½ sheet Follow instructions on ½ sheet while reading article

Hormone Quiz Retake 5/6 Friday Hormone and Glands Retake Fri Lunch You won’t be able to use your notes this time I would finish the hormone worksheet and use that to study if you are going to retake the quiz

Get out ‘Can Weight affect the Brain’