The New South 13th/14th/15th Amendments: With the passage of these amendments to the Constitution, African Americans expected all of the rights of citizenship but would not get them

The New South Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) The Case: 1890 – Louisiana passed a law requiring “separate but equal” train accommodations Homer Plessy (1/8 black) bought a ticket for a white car, eventually being kicked off the train Claimed 13th and 14th Amendment rights were violated Decision: Supreme Court ruled that LA did not violate rights and “separate but equal” facilities were constitutional

Jim Crow South Jim Crow laws legalized segregation and discrimination throughout the nation, specifically in the south Segregated transportation, schools, libraries, all public areas (water fountains, lunch counters, bus stations, etc) Prevented equal voting – poll tax, literacy test

Spectators at a public lynching Jim Crow South Lynch Law: The "unwritten law" of Jim Crow South that justified people putting African Americans to death without a trial by jury, opportunity to make a defense, and without any right of appeal. Strange Fruit – Billie Holiday (1939) Terror Lynching in America – Equal Justice Initiative Spectators at a public lynching

Lynchings: By State and Race, 1882-1968 * White Black Total Alabama 48 299 347 Arkansas 58 226 284 Florida 25 257 282 Georgia 39 492 531 Kentucky 63 142 205 Louisiana 56 335 391 Maryland 2 27 29 Mississippi 42 539 581 North Carolina 15 86 101 South Carolina 4 156 160 Tennessee 47 204 251 Texas 141 352 493 Virginia 17 83 100   1,297 3,446 4,743 http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/lynchingsstate.html *Statistics provided  by the Archives at Tuskegee Institute.

Murder of Emmett Till – Aug. 1955 On a sheet of paper, you will create a t-chart titled “Murder of Emmett Till. Label the left side your reaction and complete while you watch the video. The murder and trial of 14 year old Emmett Till in Money, Mississippi horrified the nation and the world. Mother insisted on an open casket “so all the world could see what they did to my boy” Killers were arrested and charged with murder but were both acquitted quickly by an all-white, all-male jury. Till's death was a spark that helped mobilize the civil rights movement. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PoaKysHwLI8

Reactions to Emmett Till’s Case Label the right side of your t-chart as Historical Reactions Each of you will get an account from 1955, describe a person’s reaction to the murder of Emmett Till and the trial that ensued. Read your account and complete the right side of your t-chart Be prepared to share a summary of your reaction and the reaction in the account you read

In one paragraph… (that’s 5-7 sentences) Describe your reactions to the Emmett Till case and compare and contrast them to the reaction in your historical account and those that were shared by the class. Key Question: How did reactions across the country to the murder and trial of Emmett Till differ? Turn in on the green chair 

Historical Accounts of Lynchings You will now get an account of a lynching that took place in the early Jim Crow Era. Read over your account carefully, annotating as you go. HIGHLIGHT ONE SENTENCE (Your golden line). This golden line can be something that you find important, compelling, interesting, etc. Now, find a partner to share with. Discuss your lynching accounts and what your golden line was (and why you chose that particular line)

Discussion Questions What reasons were given for these lynchings? http://withoutsanctuary.org/main.html What reasons were given for these lynchings? How often were the victims of lynching the apparent subjects of mistaken identity? Many of these accounts are marked by disturbing descriptions of torture and mutilation. What seem to have been the purpose behind these acts of torture? How are these details meant to affect the reader? In Lynch Law in Georgia, Ida B. Wells wrote that "the real purpose of these savage demonstrations is to teach the Negro that in the South he has no rights that the law will enforce." Stanford's wrote that "Lynch Law might as well be written into the constitution of many states…" How do the lynching narratives support these claims?

Civil Rights Journal You will create an ongoing journal as we learn about the Civil Rights Movement. All journal entries should be AT LEAST half a page, written legibly. Be descriptive, creative, and thorough!!!!! Journal Prompt #1 You are 15 years old. It is August 1955 and you have recently learned about the murder of Emmett Till. In your journal, you should its effect on you. Questions to consider: How did you learn about the murder? Did you see a picture of Emmett? Did you read an article about the murder or trial? How have your parents reacted? How did it make you feel? How has it affected your daily life? Was this event shocking to you? Have you had a previous experience with discrimination, a lynching, etc. that has influenced your thoughts on the murder and trial of Emmett Till?