DNA Fingerprinting Cloning Human Genome Project DNA Technology DNA Fingerprinting Cloning Human Genome Project

Normal Fingerprint DNA Fingerprint (CUT UP pieces of DNA)

What is DNA Fingerprinting? A technique used to distinguish between individuals using only samples of their DNA

Steps of DNA Fingerprinting Cells are broken down to release DNA Think of our strawberry DNA Extraction lab!

Stages of DNA Fingerprinting Step 2: The DNA is cut into pieces using enzymes. Each restriction enzyme cuts DNA at a specific place. The pieces of DNA that are cut out are called fragments.

Stages of DNA Fingerprinting Step 3: Pieces are separated by size using gel electrophoresis. Smaller pieces go farther

Some uses of DNA Fingerprinting Forensic identification (crime scenes) Paternity Testing

Crime Forensic science is the use of scientific knowledge in legal situations. The chances of two people having exactly the same DNA fingerprint is 30 billion to 1 (except for identical twins). 30,000,000,000 to 1

Biological materials used for DNA fingerprinting Blood Hair Saliva Semen Body tissue cells

Example A violent murder has occurred. The forensics team retrieved a blood sample from the crime scene. They prepared DNA profiles of the blood sample, the victim and a suspect as follows:

Was the suspect at the crime scene? Suspect’s DNA Blood sample from crime scene Victim’s DNA

Cloning Take a cell’s DNA from organism you wish to clone DNA Fingerprint to prove Dolly was cloned Take a cell’s DNA from organism you wish to clone Place the DNA into an empty egg cell The organism that develops will be genetically identical Dolly, the first cloned mammal.

Human Genome Project Complete “mapping” of all the DNA in humans Where genes are located on chromosomes Can be useful to Detect Prevent Treat genetic diseases The gene for Huntington’s Disease is on Chromosome #4

Tough SOL Practice! But give it a chance