Fanfare for the Common Man

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Presentation transcript:

Fanfare for the Common Man Classical Music Is it for the common man? Fanfare for the Common Man by Aaron Copland

X A history lesson? Presentation The idea of this presentation is to bring classical music alive for you

A Short History of Classical Music We are talking about Western music, principally European

Definition By Classical Music, we mean serious music, not the music of the people

Origins Classical music was for many centuries centred around court and church

Evolution of Classical Music History of European art music Early / Medieval (500 – 1400) Renaissance (1400 – 1600) Baroque (1600 – 1750) Classical (1730 – 1820) Early Romantic (1815 – 1850) Late Romantic (1850 – 1910) 20th century (1900 – 2000) Contemporary (1945 – present) Classical music has evolved through a succession of artistic movements

Structure of Music Pop goes the Weasel At its most basic, music is a series of single notes of different pitch Pop goes the Weasel

Major & Minor Scales Western music is generally written in keys, eg A major, C minor of the 12 semitones in an octave, only 7 are used in any one key

Chords and Harmony A major chord uses the 1st, 3rd & 5th note of the octave C major uses C, E & G this is harmony C major

Monophonic Early Music Plainsong Gregorian Chant play

Polyphonic madrigals motets church music many Italians play Palestrina (1525 – 1594) Allegri (1582 – 1652)

Baroque the Germans & the Italians Purcell in UK more ornate use of continuum – harpsichord or organ play J S Bach (1685 – 1750) Vivaldi (1678 – 1741)

Classical Period the Austrians wrote in a formal, elegant style emphasis on structure employed by patrons play Haydn (1732-1809) Mozart (1756-1791)

Early Romantics German symphonists broke the classical mould found freer modes of expression concentrated on individuality play Beethoven (1770 – 1827) Schubert (1797 – 1828) Mendelsohn (1809 – 1847) Schumann (1810-1856)

Still the Romantic Period Italian Grand Opera long tradition in Italy bel canto full of passion & tragedy play Rossini (1792 – 1868) Verdi 1813 – 1901) Puccini (1858 – 1924)

Late Romantics Germans, Russians and Austrians bigger and bigger over the top play Wagner (1813 – 1883) Tchaikovsky (1840 – 1893) Mahler (1860 – 1911)

20th Century out with the old away from keys discord & dissonance anything goes play

New Musical Language breaking the mould – again the French Impressionists no regular rhythms play Debussy (1862 – 1918) Ravel (1875 – 1937)

English Music revival after inactivity national identity incorporating folk tradition play Elgar (1857-1934) Vaughan Williams (1872 – 1943)

Eastern Europeans strong, masculine rhythms unusual time signatures folk influence ballet play Bartok (1881 – 1945) Stravinsky (1882 – 1971) Prokofiev (1891 – 1953)

Post World War 2 avant garde experimentation pots & pans non-music for the elite? like modern art in music play

A return to music? reaction to avant garde & experimenters recognisable as music still modern, new & exciting play John Tavener (with Bjork) (b 1944) Karl Jenkins (b 1944)

Classical Music for All not elitist something for everyone no barriers to overcome just try it play