MENSTRUAL CYCLE Occurs APPROXIMATELY every 28 days

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Presentation transcript:

MENSTRUAL CYCLE Occurs APPROXIMATELY every 28 days Divided into 4 stages 1. FOLLICLE STAGE – FSH from pituitary stimulates follicle with ovum to mature  follicle (ovary) releases estrogen

What is estrogen’s functionin the menstrual cycle?? prepares uterine lining for an embryo by: 1. Makes the uterine walls thick with mucus 2. creates a blood supply for the uterus/placenta lasts approximately 10 days

MENSTRUAL CYCLE 2. OVULATION STAGE– ***estrogen levels are rising ***Pituitary stops FSH production **LH is released to cause ovulation causing the follicle to rupture and mature ovum is released -usually occurs between 10-14 days after last period

MENSTRUAL CYCLE 3.CORPUS LUTEUM STAGE – after ovulation, the follicle becomes the Corpus luteum and secretes progesterone ***If ovum is fertilized, corpus luteum continues secrete progesterone Progesterone: --prevents further ovulation --maintains uterine lining --this stage lasts approximately 14 days

MENSTRUAL CYCLE The continued release of progesterone also inhibits FSH…. No more eggs are produced How many days are we into the cycle at this point???? 24-28 days So what comes next?????

MENSTRUAL CYCLE 4. MENSTRUATION STAGE --if the implantation of the embryo occurs, corpus luteum continues to secrete progesterone -- the continuing rise of progesterone inhibits LH production This is due to “pregnancy”

MENSTRUATION CYCLE IF no embryo is implanted: Corpus luteum dissolves Progesterone and estrogen levels begin to decrease Uterine lining breaks down and is discharged “PERIOD” This stage lasts about 3-6 days

MENSTRUAL CYCLE The decrease in hormones causes FSH to be released by the pituitary and the whole process begins again!!!!!!

MENOPAUSE Monthly menstrual cycle comes to an end “change of life” Approximately age 50 Symptoms include: hot flashes dizziness and headaches emotional changes Symptoms are due to fluctuations in hormones

Why is hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) so important????? MENOPAUSE Early or artificial menopause can be induced by removal of the ovaries Why is hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) so important????? Cardiovascular protection Osteoporosis protection

PRE-MENSTRUAL SYNDROME Caused by fluctuation of hormones and water retention Water retention causes brain irritation which cause: -irritability -mood swings -bloated feeling -cramping/backache

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