MUSIC RECORDING PUBLISHING COMPANY RECORD COMPANY Controls the rights to the compositions or “Works” COMPOSER/AUTHOR RECORD COMPANY Controls the Sound recording, or “Master” rights ARTIST/PERFORMER

PRODUCTION LIBRARY MUSIC RECORDING PUBLISHING COMPANY COMBINED WORKS AND RECORDINGS SOUND RECORDINGS AND WORKS MUST BE ORIGINAL COMPOSER/AUTHOR RECORDING COMPANY ARTIST/PERFORMER

PRODUCTION LIBRARY MUSIC RECORDING ALWAYS LICENSED AS NON-EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS THE MUSIC CAN BE USED FOR ANY PURPOSE AND BE EDITED AND ALTERED TO SUIT THE USERS Composers must waive their ”Moral Rights” ASSIGNED BY THE COMPOSERS/AUTHORS IN PERPETUITY TO THE RELEVEVANT PRODUCTION MUSIC COMPANY NO PRE-CLEARANCE IS NECESSARY. USERS PAY A SET FEE IN ORDER TO USE BOTH THE COMPOSITION AND RECORDING PRODUCTION LIBRARY MUSIC

PRODUCTION LIBRARY MUSIC RECORDING REPRODUCTION AND PERFORMING RIGHTS ROYALTY REVENUE BLANKET AGREEMENTS BETWEEN COLLECTING ORGANIZATIONS AND BROADCASTERS OCW (OUTSIDE COMMISSIONED WORKS) LICENSED AT SET RATES EXPORT OF SOUTH AFRICAN PRODUCTION MUSIC INTO OTHER TERRITORIES PRODUCTION MUSIC INCOME

PRODUCTION LIBRARY MUSIC RECORDING SHOULD BE REGISTERED AND SPECIFIED AS PRODUCTION/LIBRARY MUSIC Users have to be sure they can legally use the music at specified rates THERE IS NO PROMOTIONAL VALUE OR SALES INCENTIVE THROUGH THE USE OF PRODUCTION MUSIC ALL INCOME IS DERIVED VIA LICENSING OF THE MUSIC TO PROFESSIONAL USERS PRODUCTION LIBRARY MUSIC IS ALWAYS LICENSED ON A NON-EXCLUSIVE BASIS the same piece can be licensed over and over again to several different clients MAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRODUCTION MUSIC AND CHART MUSIC

Basic guide to music construction Previous experience in producing and composing music to film, TV documentaries or advertising is helpful Careful, sometimes understated mixing Themes depicting a range of emotions Generally avoid complicated solos and major peaks in the recording – think melody Create different versions of the main piece

Professional Producer / Composers Some famous composers that have also produced Production – Library music: John Williams Hans Zimmer Massive Attack Quincy Jones Stuart Copeland (The Police) Robin Hogarth (two Grammy awards for Soweto Gospel Choir)