Influencing the West Scientists and Philosophers

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Presentation transcript:

Influencing the West Scientists and Philosophers From the 9th to 14th Centuries (3rd to 8th)

Basis of Islamic science: 1. There are universal laws. 2. These laws can be understood. 3. And applied to various fields.

Closer than we think: Falsafa = “knowledge of the universe” Philosophia = “love of knowledge”

Contributions in Medicine

Contributions in Medicine Razi – Latin name, Rhazes 865 – 925 AD (251– 311 AH) “the Experienced” • 200 books • hygiene • medical encyclopedia

Contributions in Medicine Ibn Sina – Latin name, Avicenna 980 – 1037 AD “Prince of Philosophers” Books, Canon of Medicine

Contributions in Medicine Ibn Rushd Latin, Averroes Medical books Physician Judge Commentaries on Aristotle

Contributions in Medicine Surgery, Abulcasis surgery guide

Contributions in Medicine Surgery, Abulcasis surgery guide Medical School and Exams

Contributions in Medicine Surgery, Abulcasis surgery guide Medical School and Exams Eye specialists

Contributions in Medicine Surgery, Abulcasis surgery guide Medical School and Exams Eye specialists Pharmacies

Contributions in Medicine Surgery, Abulcasis surgery guide Medical School and Exams Eye specialists Pharmacies Medical license & hospitals

Contributions in Chemistry Jabir ibn Hayyan 721 – 815 AD Gerber (Latin)

Jabir’s Contributions in Chemistry 1. new techniques for refining metals, preparing steel, dying cloth & leather. • 2. acetic acid, the use of manganese dioxide. • 3. crystallize compounds.

Razi’s Contributions Equipment lists for labs Categories of substances

Contributions in Math “Arabic” numbers Decimal system Sifr = “0” Sifr = zephyrum (Latin) = zero (Italian) English: cipher

Abu Ja’fer Muhammed ibn Usa al-Khwarizmi Uzbekistan, 778-850 Taught at House of Wisdom. Wrote first text on Algebra – Hisab al-Jabr wa’l-Muqabala. “the art of bringing together unknowns to match a known quantity.”

Other contributions Geometry, trigonometry Optics Astronomy The Astrolabe

Ibn Khaldun’s statue in Tunis 1332 -- 1406 AD (732 -- 808 AH) • Forerunner of Cultural History • Muqaddima

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