Reported Number of Days Feeding Hay 140 With the longer growing season in the Southeast, we can do better! We should feed much less than 60 days/year!

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Presentation transcript:

Reported Number of Days Feeding Hay 140 With the longer growing season in the Southeast, we can do better! We should feed much less than 60 days/year! 140 140 Lacefield, et al. 2011

How Much Hay Do I Need? Hay Tonnage Required (tons of hay) = Head in the herd x avg. lbs of b.w. x DMI, % of b.w. x days (1-Storage Loss, %) x (1-Feeding Loss, %) x 2000 lbs/ton

Typical Hay Storage Losses Storage Method Twine Net wrap (% of dry weight) Pole barn 2-5% Hoop structure Tarp 5-10% 5-8% Stack pad, covered stack uncovered stack 15-40% 10-30% Plastic wrap N/A Outside on ground, well-drained 20-40% poor drainage/shaded 30-60% 30-45%

Typical Hay Feeding Losses Feeding Method Feeding Period (days) % Waste Mechanical hay feeder/unroller < 1 2 - 7% Cone hay ring 1-3 Hay ring 4 - 8% Hay trailer 10 - 15% Hay cradle 15 - 20% Bale, no protection 20%+ Bale, unrolled 4+ Adapted from: Southern Forages (5th ed.); Buskirk et al., 2003. J. Anim. Sci. 81:109-115; Ball et al., 1998; and Hancock, unpublished data.

How Much Hay Do I Need? Hay Tonnage Required (tons of hay) = Head in the herd x avg. lbs of b.w. x DMI, % of b.w. x days (1-Storage Loss, %) x (1-Feeding Loss, %) x 2000 lbs/ton Hay Tonnage Required (tons of hay) 100 x 1300 x 2.0% x 120 (1-25%) x (1-10%) x 2000 = 231.1 tons

Costs of Feeding Hay 1300 lbs/cow x 2.0 lbs of hay = 26 lbs/hd/d 100 lbs of b.w.

Costs of Feeding Hay $1.50/hd/d 1300 lbs/cow x 2.0 lbs of hay = 26 lbs/hd/d 100 lbs of b.w. X $100/dry ton of hay 2000 lbs = $0.05/lb of hay $1.50/hd/d

Subtract an average of: Costs of Feeding Hay 1500 lbs/cow x 2.0 lbs of hay = 30 lbs/hd/d 100 lbs of b.w. X $100/dry ton of hay 2000 lbs = $0.05/lb of hay $1.50/hd/d Also, Subtract an average of: 15% feeding loss 30% storage loss 15% other losses $1.75 - $2.00 per head per day

LOSS ACCUMULATE WITH EACH STEP Field curing 10-25% loss LOSS ACCUMULATE WITH EACH STEP Harvesting 7-15% loss It’s not unusual to see total losses of 70% or greater Storage 20-45% loss Feeding 10-30% loss

Efficiencies of Grazing and Mechanized Harvest Method Efficiency Grazing Continuous Stocking 30-40% Slow Rotation (3-4 paddocks) 50-60% Moderate Rotation (6-8 paddocks) 60-70% Strip Grazing, Daily Rotation 70-80% Mechanical Hay 30-70% Silage 60-85% Green Chop 70-95%

How Much Hay Acreage Do I Need? Hay Acreage Required Head x lbs of b.w. x DMI, % of b.w. x days Forage Use Efficiency x Hay Yield/acre = Acres Required Hay Acreage “Required” 100 hd x 1500 lbs/cow x 2.0% x 120 days/yr 70% efficiency x 12,000 lbs/acre/yr = 43 acres

Effect of Grazing System on Hay Needs -39% lbs hay fed/cow -31% -25% -22% $37.54/cow savings using $100/ton hay