20171 Atomic energy levels Blackman 3RD p Chapter 4.

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20171 Atomic energy levels Blackman 3RD p Chapter 4

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomer og Molekyler Atomets struktur De 4 kvantetal Orbitaler Det periodiske system Aufbau-princippet Periodiske egenskaber Kemiske Bindinger Geometri 20172

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur 20173

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Kvantetal Schrödingers ligning for et hydrogenatom: Med løsninger:  (r, ,  ) = R n,l (r) ∙ P l,m (  ) ∙ F m (  ) HovedkvantetalAsimutaltkvantetal Magnetiskkvantetal

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Kvantetal Hovedkvantetal(n): Beskriver hvilken ”skal” et givent elektron befinder sig i. Jo højere hovedkvantetal, jo højere potentiel energi -> jo løsere bundet

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Kvantetal 20176

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Kvantetal 20177

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Kvantetal 20178

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Kvantetal KvantetalBegrænsningerRange Positiv helt tal

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Eksamensspørgsmål

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Orbitaler Vi har set at ikke alle tilstande er tilladte dvs. ikke alle energier er tilladte. Derfor absorberer og udsender atomer lys med bestemte bølgelængder

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Orbitaler Diatomiskmolekyler giver os andre tilladte tilstande

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Orbitaler

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Orbitaler Boundary surface diagram: 3D representation 90% Cut-off Skjuler ”noder”

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Atomets struktur - Orbitaler Skærmning og størrelse: Elektroner frastøder hinanden og skærmer for den positive kerne. Jo tættere på kernen jo bedre skærmer de. Jo større kerne jo større effektiv kerneladning

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Periodiske system Vi bygger op fra laveste energi 1.Aufbau – Lavest energi først 2.Paulis udelukkelsesprincip 3.Hund’s Regel 4.Don’t fuck it up!

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Periodiske system Vi bygger op fra laveste energi 1.Aufbau – Lavest energi først 2.Paulis udelukkelsesprincip 3.Hund’s Regel 4.Don’t fuck it up!

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Periodiskesystem Here we go…

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Periodiske system – Eksempel 1 Fordel elektronerne i oxygen atomet, hvordan passer det med vand ? Vi husker: Ikke korrekt

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Periodiske system – Eksempel 2 Fordel elektroner i carbon atomet, hvordan passer det med metan. Vi husker:

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Periodiske system – Eksempel

8.Atomic energy levels (Quantum numbers, Orbitals, Energies, Size) Hvad har vi snakket om