Energy REVIEW The ultimate source of energy for all ecosystems is: plants the sun lightning All food chains begin with: The sun Herbivores Plants Why? Green plants can use the sun’s energy to make food (glucose).

Photosynthesis Try to write the equation: CO2 + Water + Sunlight  Glucose +Oxygen Plants use: carbon dioxide, water and sunlight Plants make: glucose and oxygen Chlorophyll Green chemical in plants Helps plants perform photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration makes: Try to write the equation for cellular respiration: Glucose + Oxygen  Energy + Water + CO2 Cellular Respiration makes: ENERGY for cell processes What sorts of organisms perform cellular respiration.? ALL living things

Cycling of Gases Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration exchange two gases: Oxygen Used by all living things in cellular respiration Carbon dioxide Used by plants in photosynthesis

Use vocabulary words to describe each circled organism. Food Web

Answers from Food Web The fox is a carnivore since it eats birds and squirrels The grass/plant is a producer The spider and squirrels are both herbivores because they eat only plants

Energy Pyramid shows the flow of energy in an ecosystem The greatest amount of energy is found at the bottom of the energy pyramid The sun is the original source of all energy! ___________ __________ _________

Energy Pyramid shows the flow of energy in an ecosystem The greatest amount of energy is found at the bottom of the energy pyramid The sun is the original source of all energy!

Decomposers Include fungi (such as mushrooms) and bacteria Decomposers break down dead organisms Decomposers return nutrients to the soil. ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________

Let’s Review! An insect that eats just grass is a(n)… Herbivore An insect that eats other insects is a(n)… Carnivore An insect that eats both grass and other insects is a(n)… Omnivore

Predator and Prey A lion chases and kills a zebra The lion = the predator The zebra = the prey ___________ ___________

Resources Resources are things organisms need for survival Name some…. Food Water Shelter Mates

Limiting Factors Limiting Factors are things that limit (negative impact on) a population’s growth Name some limiting factors Overpopulation Lack of resources Increased predation Disease Hunting Parasitism

Negative Effects of Overpopulation Fewer Resources More competition Diseases spread more quickly Starvation