The Sun-Moon-Earth System

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Presentation transcript:

The Sun-Moon-Earth System Chapter 23 Earth Science The Sun-Moon-Earth System

Words to Know – Section 1 Earth sphere axis rotation revolution ellipse solstice equinox

a round, three-dimensional object whose surface is the same distance from its center at all points; Earth is a sphere that bulges somewhat at the equator and is slightly flattened at the poles sphere

imaginary vertical line that cuts through the center of Earth and around which Earth spins axis

spinning of Earth on it’s imaginary axis, which takes about 24 hours to complete and causes day and night to occur rotation

Earth’s year long elliptical orbit around the Sun revolution

elongated, closed curve that describes earth’s year long orbit around the Sun ellipse

twice-yearly point at which the Sun reaches it’s greatest distance north or south of the equator solstice

Twice-yearly time – each spring and fall - when the Sun is directly over the equator and the number of daylight and nighttime hours are equal worldwide equinox

Words to Know – Section 2 The Moon – Earth’s Satellite moon phase new moon waxing full moon waning solar eclipse lunar eclipse maria

change in appearance of the Moon as viewed from the Earth, due to the relative positions of the Moon, Earth, and Sun moon phase

moon phase that occurs when the Moon is between earth and the Sun, at which point the Moon cannot be seen because its lighted half is facing the Sun and its dark side faces Earth new moon

describes phases following a new moon, as more of the Moon’s lighted side becomes visible waxing

phase that occurs when the Moon’s surface facing Earth reflects light full moon

describes phases that occur after a full moon, at the visible lighted side of the Moon grows smaller waning

occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of the Earth solar eclipse

occurs when earth’s shadow falls on the Moon lunar eclipse

dark-colored, relatively flat regions of the Moon formed when ancient lava reached the surface and filled craters on the Moon’s surface maria

Words to Know – Section 3 Exploring Earth’s Moon impact basin

a hollow left on the surface of the Moon caused by an object striking its surface impact basin

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