Civil War Review

A large farm or estate Plantation

A cracker or biscuit that was a staple in a Civil War soldier’s diet Hardtack

A new paper currency issued in 1862 to help the Union pay for the war Greenbacks

A white person in the south that worked with federal authorities after the Civil War Scalawags

Ability to have rights; to move around and choose one’s life as one wishes Freedom

Also known as a draft; calling individuals into service to fight for their country Conscription

An order from a leader upon its citizens/society; a decree Proclamation

An area in Pennsylvania; 3 day battle in which the South came closest to winning the Civil War; Union victory that is considered to be the turning point of the Civil War Gettysburg

Area in which supplies, trade and vessels would dock with the mainland Ports

Area of the United States predominantly consisting of those needing slavery to continue South

Area of the United States predominantly consisting of those opposing slavery North

Armed conflicts; many of these together make up a war Battles

Battle site in Tennessee; Union victory; General Johnston of Confederacy was killed Shiloh

Bloodiest single day of battle in American history Antietam

Color associated with northern army uniforms Blue

Color associated with southern army uniforms Gray

Confederate leader who earned nickname by standing strong against Union forces “Stonewall” Jackson

First firing of a weapon; considered to be when the Civil War began Fort Sumter

Fort located on coast of NC; finally fell to Union forces in January, 1865 Fort Fisher

General for the Union; Later a President of the U.S. Ulysses S. Grant

General for the Union; marched forces through the south; responsible for the burning of Atlanta and destruction of southern lands William Sherman

General for the Confederate Army; opposed slavery but wouldn’t go against his home state of Virginia Robert E. Lee

Large group of military soldiers; purpose is to protect and defend their country by sea Navy

Large group of military soldiers; purpose is to protect and defend their country on land Army

Large groups of soldiers in a military unit Troops

Little creek north of Manassas; two major battles held here during Civil War (called Battle of Manassas by the North) Bull Run

Name given to a person from a seceded state Confederate

Name given to territory of the United States Union

Needs of an individual or group of people in order to survive Supplies

Northern Democrats who favored peace with the South; opponents of Lincoln in the north Copperheads

Northerner who moved south after the Civil War for political or economic reasons Carpetbagger

Old-fashioned weapon that could not shoot very far and rather inaccurate Musket

President of the Union Abraham Lincoln

President of the Confederacy Jefferson Davis

Prevents the transportation of goods or people into or out of an area Blockade

Slang term given to a person from the North Yankee

Slang term given to a person from the South Rebel

Small, fast boats that intercepted Union ships off NC coast and took their cargo Gunboats

Soldiers on horseback; usually sent in first to investigate battle situation Cavalry

Southern product important to the world market Cotton

Strategy by the north to keep the south from transporting goods; included taking over the Mississippi River Anaconda Plan

The freeing of an individual into society Emancipation

Those individuals that were held in bondage and used mostly for labor purposes Slaves

To depart from; to pull away from; to withdraw; Southern states did this once Lincoln was elected President of the U.S. Secede

To leave the military without permission; when a soldier leaves his post Desert

Virginia town in which Lee surrendered to Grant, thus ending the Civil War Appomattox

Warships invented in the Civil War; huge improvement over wooden ships Ironclads

Weapon that caused high casualty rate; more accurate than old-fashioned weapons Rifles

Weapon used to cause massive damage to opponent Cannons

Well-liked NC Governor during the Civil War (and after) Zebulon Vance

What soldiers had to do to get from one place to another March

This speech given by Lincoln lasted approximately 2 minutes Gettysburg Address

This document freed slaves in the Confederate states only Emancipation Proclamation

This amendment was ratified in December, 1865 and abolished slavery in the United States 13th Amendment

The capital of the Union Washington, D.C.

The capital of the Confederacy Richmond, Virginia

Submarine used by the Confederacy and sunk during the Civil War Hunley

An ironclad used by the Union during the Civil War Monitor

An ironclad used by the Confederacy during the Civil War Merrimac

This caused more deaths during the Civil War than any battle Diseases

54th Massachusetts Regiment Group of Negro soldiers who fought without pay rather than accept less pay than whites; won fame for fighting bravely at Fort Wagner during the Civil War 54th Massachusetts Regiment

Confederate General at Fort Sumter and the First Battle of Bull Run Pierre Beauregard

Union Commander at Gettysburg George Meade

Union General at Antietam George McClellan

First state to secede South Carolina

Last state to secede North Carolina

Led an attack on the Federal Arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia in 1859 John Brown

Total number of states to secede from the United States Eleven

Sued his owner to stay in a free state Dred Scott

Worked diligently to move slaves to freedom on the Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman

Writer of the novel, “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”; this inflamed abolitionists to fight for slaves’ freedom; upon meeting her, Abraham Lincoln stated, “So, you’re the little lady that started this great big war!” Harriet Beecher Stowe

Term that meant states or territories could decide the slavery issue for themselves Popular Sovreignty

Term to represent those that wanted to do away with slavery Abolitionists

Political party that existed predominantly in the north; created in the 1850’s; Lincoln was the first President of this party Republican Party

Gettysburg

Manassas

Antietam

Atlanta

Bentonville

Charleston

Chattanooga

Mobile

Vicksburg

Baton Rouge