7 Lebanon 21 Kuwait 3 Morocco 20Syria 22 Bahrain 5 Tunisia 8 Palestine 19 Iraq 23 Qatar 2 W. Sahara 18 Jordan 24 UAE 4 Algeria 6 Libya 9 Egypt 17 Saudi Arabia 1 Mauritania 16 Oman 10 Eritrea 15 Yemen 11 Sudan 12 Djibouti 14 Somalia 13 Comoros Islands The Arab World is made up of 22 countries. Understand that Eritrea and Western Sahara are not fully considered Arab countries. Eritrea is an observer in the Arab League.

A t l a n i c O e Arabian Gulf Mediterranean Sea 7 Lebanon 21 Kuwait 3 Morocco 20 Syria 22 Bahrain 5 Tunisia 8 Palestine 19 Iraq 23 Qatar Suez Canal 2 W. Sahara 18 Jordan 24 UAE 4 Algeria 6 Libya 9 Egypt 17 Saudi Arabia 1 Mauritania Red Sea 16 Oman Arabian Sea 10 Eritrea 15 Yemen 11 Sudan Indian Ocean 12 Djibouti 14 Somalia Ethiopia 13 Comoros Islands The Arab World is made up of 22 countries. Understand that Eritrea and Western Sahara are not fully considered Arab countries. Eritrea is an observer in the Arab League.

KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT (KD): TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 3. Identify the location of the Arab World. 4. Understand some of the geographical features of the Arab World. KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT (KD): 1. What are the latitude and longitude coordinates of the Arab World? (2) p. 13 2. How many Arab countries are in Africa and in Asia? (2) p. 14 3. Give two reasons why the Arab World is considered important. (2) p. 15

1. Latitude and longitude coordinates of the Arab World: (2) TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 3. Identify the location of the Arab World. 4. Understand some of the geographical features of the Arab World. KD ANSWERS: 1. Latitude and longitude coordinates of the Arab World: (2) Between latitude 2° south and 37° north of the equator. Between longitude 17° west and 60° east of the Greenwich meridian. 2. Arab countries in: Africa - 10 Asia - 12 3. Two reasons why the Arab World is considered important: (2) 1) It is centrally located with trade routes linking Asia, East Africa and Europe 2) It is the cradle (foundation) of three major religions – Islam, Christianity and Judaism 3) It is the world’s leading exporter of oil

KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT (KD): 4. Fill in this paragraph and paste into your exercise book. p. 15 - 18 The three basic surface features of the Arab World include plains, __________ and mountains. The two types of plains are __________________ and Flurial Plains. Kuwait rests on a coastal __________. ________________ are flat or nearly flat areas of high ground which have __________ sides and stand above the surrounding area. At the center of the Arabian Peninsula is the Najd plateaux. There are four main mountain ranges in the Arab World. The _________ Mountains extend across Morocco, Algeria and _________. The Oman Mountains include _______ Akhdar (the Green Mountains) which is over 3,000 metres tall. In Western Saudi Arabia you can find the ________ and Al __________ Mountains, both over 2,500 metres high. The Lebanese Mountains are famous for snow-skiing and reach over ___________ metres.

KD: 4. Fill in this paragraph and paste into your exercise book. p. 15 - 18 The three basic surface features of the Arab World include plains, plateaux and mountains. The two types of plains are Coastal Plains and Flurial Plains. Kuwait rests on a costal plain. Plateaux are flat or nearly flat areas of high ground which have steep sides and stand above the surrounding area. At the center of the Arabian Peninsula is the Najd plateaux. There are four main mountain ranges in the Arab World. The Atlas Mountains extend across Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. The Oman Mountains include Jebel Akhdar (the Green Mountains) which is over 3,000 metres tall. In Western Saudi Arabia you can find the Asir and Al Hejaz Mountains, both over 2,500 metres high. The Lebanese Mountains are famous for snow-skiing and reach over 3,000 metres.

1. Study Figure 4B. What is the highest elevation? (2) TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 3. Identify the location of the Arab World. and 4. Understand some of the geographical features of the Arab World. SKILL DEVELOPMENT: 1. Study Figure 4B. What is the highest elevation? (2) 2. How wide is the Arab World? (1) 3. Estimate Kuwait’s elevation. Explain why you chose that number. (3)

SKILL DEVELOPMENT ANSWERS: 1. Highest elevation: (2) TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 3. Identify the location of the Arab World. and 4. Understand some of the geographical features of the Arab World. SKILL DEVELOPMENT ANSWERS: 1. Highest elevation: (2) Toubkal at approximately 4,000 metres. 2. Width of the Arab World: (1) Approximately 7,900 kilometres 3. Estimate Kuwait’s elevation. Explain why you chose that number. (3) 0 - 200 metres Kuwait lies along the Arabian Gulf, is mostly flat and is well-below the 1,000 metre mark on the scale.

Mediterranean Desert Tropical TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 5. Describe the climate conditions in the Arab World. and 6. Identify the types of vegetation in the Arab world. KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT: 1. Climate is the regular weather pattern in a region over a period of years 2. What three factors effect climate in the Arab World? (3) p. 19 3. Match each of the climate zones to its description. (3) Mediterranean Desert Tropical ______________ It is very hot and rainy throughout the year. Found in Sudan and Somalia. ______________ It covers most of the Arab World and is characterised by high temperatures with limited amounts of rainfall. ______________ It has warm and rainy winters and found in North Africa and Lebanon. 4. Vegetation is the type of plants growing in a particular place. Outline the three types of vegetation in the Arab World. p. 20 - 21

Mediterranean Desert Tropical TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 5. Describe the climate conditions in the Arab World. and 6. Identify the types of vegetation in the Arab world. KD ANSWERS: 2. Three factors effecting climate in the Arab World: (3) Latitude – distance from the equator The balance between land and water Altitude – elevation from sea level 3. Match each of the climate zones to its description. (3) Mediterranean Desert Tropical ______________ It is very hot and rainy throughout the year. Found in Sudan and Somalia. ______________ It covers most of the Arab World and is characterised by high temperatures with limited amounts of rainfall. ______________ It has warm and rainy winters and found in North Africa and Lebanon. Tropical Desert Mediterranean

TOPIC #2: Physical Characteristics of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 5. Describe the climate conditions in the Arab World. and 6. Identify the types of vegetation in the Arab world. KD ANSWERS: 4. Vegetation is the type of plants growing in a particular place. Three types of vegetation in the Arab World. Type of Vegetation Different Kinds Tropical Rain Forest – include ebony, teak and mahogany trees Mixed Forest – includes cedar and cork trees Forest - 9% Savanna – includes lush elephant grass on which cattle and buffalo feed Temperate – includes flowering herbs for sheep and goats Grassland – 18% Desert 70% + Has limited grasses, scrub and cactus

KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT: 1. Fill in the space below: p. 23 TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation. and 8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation. KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT: 1. Fill in the space below: p. 23 Civilisation is the large _____________ of people _____________ to live and work __________ in a creative way to develop _________________, ________________ and ______________________. 2. How did the first farmers survive? (5) p. 23 3. What problems encouraged people to cooperate and settle together? (2) p. 23 4. When people had surplus food, they had TIME to develop other areas. List four areas where they specialised. (4) p. 23 5. Eventually writing, numbering and laws were made to organise communities. Technology, art and culture were developed connecting people from different regions and encouraging trade. p. 23 - 24

their society, technology TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation. and 8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation. KD ANSWERS: 1. Civilisation is the large of people to live and work in a creative way to develop and . 2. First farmers survived: (5) They did everything themselves. Farmed Made own clothes Made simple tools Defended themselves grouping organised together their society, technology culture

Development of agriculture TOPIC #3: The First Civilizations of the Arab World OBJECTIVES: 7. Define civilisation. and 8. Summarise steps for developing civilisation. KD ANSWERS: 3. Problems that encouraged people to cooperate and settle together: (2) Water resources Development of agriculture 4. TIME - areas specialised: (4) Craftsmen Builders Wood and metal workers Potters Weavers