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Washington As President Development of the cabinet: Washington wanted a support group for future presidents Counted as the executive branch of government

Economic Problems facing the early Republic and Hamilton’s response

Relations with Great Britain and France

Key Terms and Concepts Virginia Plan: Proposal by VA delegates for population-weighted representation in the national legislature New Jersey: aka “The Cross Roads of the Revolution”, third state of ratify the Constitution, last northern state to abolish new slavery

Connecticut Compromise: retained a bicameral legislature that Madison proposed 3/5 Compromise: between North & South where 3/5 of slave population would be counted for representation regarding taxes and apportionment of House of representatives

Census: Number of people in a population Factions: Political Groups that agree on objectives and policies Loose Construction: Constitution was broadly interpreted

Attorney General: Main advisor of the government, can take responsibility in law enforcement Impressment: taking a person into the military by force

Protective Tariff: A Tax on imports or exports Largest source of government revenue in the US. Enumerated Powers: Congressional Powers collect taxes, coin money, regulate commerce, declare war

Citizen Genêt Affair: Charles Genêt was hired to promote American support in France’s War. Instead his goal was to recruit Americans to fight the war with the French Jeopardized US neutrality

Pinckney’s Treaty Negotiated by Thomas Pinckney Established friendship between US and Spain Guaranteed US navigation rights on the Mississippi River

Alexander Hamilton Led the Federalist Party Called for national banks, protective tariffs, and good relations with Britain Supported nationalistic government

Antifederalists (Democratic-Republicans) Opposed to a strong central government Insisted on Bill of Rights in Constitution Main leaders: James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, and Patrick Henry

John Jay Federalist Papers: Series of articles in NY Newspaper that promoted federalism Jay Treaty: eliminated British control of western posts, established America's claim for damages from British ship seizures, and provided America a limited right to trade in the West Indies.

Judiciary Act of 1789 Organized the Supreme Court with: A chief justice 5 associates Federal district and circuit courts Established office of attorney general

Compact Theory Idea from Rousseau, Locke, and Jefferson Government is created by the people Revolution is justified if it exceeds its authority

Checks and Balances Power of each branch of government is limited by the other Ex. Ability for the President to veto and Congress to override the veto.

Executive Departments State: Responsible for foreign relations and foreign policy Treasury: manages government revenue War: Responsible for the operation and maintenance of U.S. Army

Confederation Political system when central government is weak and states retain considerable sovereignty

John Adams Second President of the United States Signed the Alien and Sedition Acts Aimed at unwanted immigrants Violated freedom of speech and the press

Virginia and Kentucky Resolves Stated that Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional Argued for State’s Rights and strict construction of the Constitution

XYZ Affair Adams sent envoys to Paris for peace negotiations John Marshall’s negotiations went bad and led to war in West Indies

Aaron Burr Last term as VP, killed rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel Never tried for the illegal duel but political career ended

Election of 1800 Democratic-Republican Party gained power Main issues were opposition to taxes and mobilization during the war against France