Ecology/ populations & succession

Bell work What is an ecosystems? What things are included in an ecosystem? Are there living and non living things in an ecosystem? Bell work

This Chapters Big Ideas Ecology is the study of interacting ecosystems Ecosystems have living and nonliving parts. All living things are organized into groups. Energy moves within ecosystems.

What is an ecosystem? Ecosystem: is made up of organisms interacting with one another and with nonliving factors to form a working unit.

What is an ecosystem? Ecology: is the study of interactions that take place among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

What is an ecosystem? Biosphere: is the part of Earth where organisms can live. Includes the top layer of Earth’s crust, oceans, rivers, and lakes, as well as the surrounding atmosphere.

What is an ecosystem? Biotic vs. Abiotic factors Abiotic Biotic All living things in the ecosystem Abiotic All nonliving things in the ecosystem Ex: soil, temperature, water, sunlight Biotic vs. Abiotic factors

Lets practice!! http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/lsps07_int_ecos ystem/

What is an ecosystem? Every ecosystem is made up of many biotic and abiotic factors working together. These factors can be balanced or off balanced Exit Card: What could cause an ecosystem to be off balance?? http://wosu.pbslearningmedia.org/resource /rr10.sci.living.eco.ecosys/ecosystem/ example

Virtual Lab Handout Instruction The Virtual Ecosystem Ecology

Section2: Relationships among living things Bell work: compare and contrast biotic and abiotic factors.

Relationships among living things Studying the entire biosphere would be a huge job!! So scientists split up the biosphere into smaller groups in order to study. They then see how these smaller groups interact together.

Relationships among living things Population: is a group of the same type of organisms living in the same place at the same time. Example: the different fish species that live in a coral reef is considered a population

Relationships among living things All of the populations that live in an area make up a community. Example: The fish, mollusks, echinoderms, and cnidarian in the reef make up a community.

Relationship among living things Identify three populations in this picture below:

Is this a Population or community?

Identify two populations below…

Relationships among living things Population density: compares the size of the population with its area.

Relationships among living things Can a population grow larger and larger forever???

Relationship among living things NO!!! Limiting factors: Factors stop a population from growing Examples: Water, food, & shelter.

Relationships among living things Our human population in 5 minutes. http://youtu.be/ZJ7XCt_UGz0

Relationships among living things A small treat… maybe too small ;) Competition

Relationships among living things Competition: happens when a resource can not supply a whole population This can happen with food, water, shelter, and sunlight.

Symbiotic Relationships Symbiosis: any close relationship between species of animals/plants Mutualism: both species benefit Commensalism: one organism benefit and the other is not helped or harmed Parasitism: one organism benefits, the other is harmed and may even die. http://wosu.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/nat08.living.eco.eco s.travcom/unlikely-travel-companions/ practice

Relationships among living things Niche: The role of an organism in an ecosystem What is a frogs niche in a pond ecosystem? What is a plants niche in the pond ecosystem? What is your niche today in this class?

Relationships among living things Habitat: the place where an organism lives. Where is a polar bears habitat? Where is a whales habitat? Where is your habitat?

Section 3: Energy through the ecosystem Vocabulary Swat?? Vocab review Ecosystem Ecology Biosphere Biotic factor Abiotic factor Population Community Limiting factor Niche Habitat

Energy through the ecosystem Energy moves through an ecosystem in the form of food!! Lets take a look at how this happens… http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/re source/hew06.sci.life.reg.foodweb/en ergy-flow-in-the-coral-reef- ecosystem/

Energy through the ecosystem Producers vs. Consumers Producers An organism that makes its own food plants Consumers Eats other organisms for energy Animals

Energy through the ecosystem So… what is a decomposer??

Energy through the ecosystem Modeling the flow of energy: We can show the flow of energy through a food chain or a food web !! http://wosu.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/ls ps07_int_oceanfoodweb/ Can you make a food web using the following organisms.

Energy through the ecosystem Food Web

Ecosystem interactive lab http://www.learner.org/courses/envsci/interactives/ecolo gy/ecology.html

Intro to Succession Ecological succession is the observed process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. Licking Heights intro task

Primary Succession The first batches of organisms that establish themselves in that environment are called primary colonizers, primary community, or simply pioneers. Primary succession occurs where the area is totally devoid of vegetation such as places devastated by volcanic activity or glaciations. Typical examples of primary succession are species such as lichens and algae. They form the base line for other species to sprout up and grow in the area.

Secondary Succession This type of succession is forced because the previous population was wiped out due to factors such as sudden steep changes in the climate such as a flood or drought or biotic interventions such as concreting or fire. Due to these factors the area lost the living matter, but the substratum has been modified to sustain living matter and thus the next population developing there is called a secondary succession.

Lets Compare…

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Chapter review Biomes chapter 6: section 2 (land) and 3 (water) Research a biome and Shadow box/posters then gallery walk