Chapter 1 Medical Terminology https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q3986Yfl5cU&index=3&list=PL13EF392BF308882F

Word Parts 4 types of word parts Suffix- comes at the end of the word Root Word- contains the basic meaning of the term Body part Hepat – liver Combining Form- a root word with a vowel on the end so that a suffix with a consonant can be added Hepat/o- liver “o” is the most commonly used combining vowel Suffix- comes at the end of the word Usually but not always indicates procedure/condition/disorder/diseas e Plasty- surgical repair -itis- inflammation Algia- pain/suffering Prefix- comes at the beginning of the word Usually indicates location, number, or status Pre- before Peri- during Post- after

Word Parts Word Part Rules A root word canNOT stand alone A suffix must be added A vowel must be added to the root word when combining with a suffix that begins with a consonant Prefix always goes before the root word

Word Parts Rules for Using Combining Form Vowels A combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with the consonant A combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel A combining vowel is used when two or more word roots are joined

Word Parts- Suffixes Noun endings- some suffixes change root words to nouns Cran/i- brain; cranium (-um changes the root word cran/I to a noun) “Pertaining to”- some suffixes change the root word to an adjective Card/i- heart; cardiac (-ac changes the root word card/I to an adjective) Abnormal Condition- many suffixes mean abnormal condition Gastr/o- stomach; gastrosis (-osis makes the word mean abnormal condition of the stomach) Pathology- these suffixes describe disease conditions Gastr/o- stomach; gatralgia (-algia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) Gastr/o-stomach: gastrodynia (-dynia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) Gastr/o- stomach; gastritis (-it is means inflammation; creating the word stomach inflammation) Arteri/o- artery; arteriomalacia (-malacia means abnormal softening; creating the word meaning abnormal softening of the arteries Hepat/o- liver; hepatomegaly (-megaly means enlargement; creating the word enlargement of the liver) Arteri/o- artery; arterionecorsis (-necrosis means tissue death; creating the world meaning tissue death of an artery) Arteri/o- artery; arteriosclerosis (-sclerosis means hardening; creating the word meaning hardening of the artery) Arteri/o-artery; arteriostenosis (-stenosis means narrowing; creating the word meaning narrowing of the artery)

Word Parts- Suffixes Pathology- these suffixes describe disease conditions Gastr/o- stomach; gatralgia (-algia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) Gastr/o-stomach: gastrodynia (-dynia means pain; creating the word stomach pain) Gastr/o- stomach; gastritis (-it is means inflammation; creating the word stomach inflammation) Arteri/o- artery; arteriomalacia (-malacia means abnormal softening; creating the word meaning abnormal softening of the arteries Hepat/o- liver; hepatomegaly (-megaly means enlargement; creating the word enlargement of the liver) Arteri/o- artery; arterionecorsis (-necrosis means tissue death; creating the world meaning tissue death of an artery) Arteri/o- artery; arteriosclerosis (-sclerosis means hardening; creating the word meaning hardening of the artery) Arteri/o-artery; arteriostenosis (-stenosis means narrowing; creating the word meaning narrowing of the artery)

Word Parts- Suffixes Procedures- some suffixes identify the procedure being performed Abdomin/o- abdominal; abdominocentesis (-centesis means removal of fluid) Angi/o- blood vessel; angiography (-graphy means the process of producing a picture) Angi/o- blood vessel; angiogram (-gram means picture or record) Myo- muscle; myoplasty (-plasty means surgical repair) Arthr/o- joint; arthroscopy (-scopy means visual examination) Double “R”- have two “Rs” in the suffix Hem/o- blood; hemorrhage (-rrhage means bursting forth of blood; creating the word meaning the loss of a large amount of blood) My/o- muscle; myorrhaphy (-rrhaphy means surgical suturing to close a wound; creating the word meaning suturing of a muscle) Dia- through; diarrhea (-rrhea means flow/discharge; creating the word meaning the flow through the body) My/o- muscle; myorrhexis (-rrhexis means rupture; creating the word meaning the rupture of muscle

Word Parts- Prefixes Added to the beginning of a word to influence the meaning of that term Location, time , number Natal- pertaining to birth; prenatal (pre- prior to; meaning prior to birth) Natal- pertaining to birth; perinatal (peri- time surrounding; time surrounding birth) Natal-pertaining to birth; postnatal (post- time after; time after birth) Ab- away from Ad- toward the direction of Dys- bad/painful Eu-normal Hyper- increased/excessive Hypo- decreased/deficient Inter-between Intra-inside Sub- under/below Super/supra- above/excessive

Word Parts You can determine the meaning of a word by just knowing the meaning of the root word Separate the word in to parts prefix/root word/suffix Start at the end of the word, with the suffix, and work backward to prefix Identify the meaning of each part Determine the context of the word if the word has multiple meanings Double check in medical dictionary Remember not all medical terms are made up of word parts

Word Part Practice -centesis (removal of fluid) -itis (inflammation) Thor/a (chest) Cardi/o- heart Removal of fluid from the chest Peri- throughout Inflammation throughout the heart -megaly (enlargement) Ocular- eye Spleen/o (spleen) Intra- inside Enlarged spleen Inside the eye Thoracentesis Pericarditis Spleenomegaly Intraocular

Pronunciation/Spelling/Abbreviations It is important to pronounce medical terms correctly Often times there are more than one “correct” pronunciation for a term Accurately spelling the terms is imperative!!! Changing just one letter can change the meaning of the word Abbreviations are frequently used, however, they must be used correctly. Abbreviations can cause errors Each facility has a policy regarding acceptable abbreviations

Plueral Forms Singular –a; pleural –ae Singular –ex or –ix; pleural –ices Singular –is; pleural –es singular –it is; pleural drop –is and add –ide Singular –nx; pleural –x or –ges Singular –on; pleural –a Singular –um; pleural –a Singular –us; pleural -i

Look Alike/ Sound Alike Arterio/o; ather/o; arthr/o Arteri/o- artery Ather/o- plaque/fatty substance Arthr/o- joint -ectomy; -ostomy; -otomy Ectomy- surgical removal -ostomy- surgical creating of an artificial opening Otomy- cutting or surgical incision Fissure/Fistula Fissure- a groove or crack-like sore in the skin Fistula- an abnormal passage Ileum/Ilium Ileum- the last and longest portion of the small intestines Ilium- part of the hip bone Infection/Inflammation Infection- invasion by pathogenic organism Inflammation- localized response to injury or destruction of tissue Laceration/Lesion Laceration- torn or jagged wound Lesion- pathological change of tissue due to disease/injury Mucous/Mucus Mucous- mucous membranes lining a cavity Mucus- fluid secreted by a mucous membrane

Look Alike/ Sound Alike Myc/o; myel/o; my/o Myc/o- fungus Myel/o- bone marrow or spinal cord My/o- muscle -ologist/-ology Ologist- specialist Ology- study of Palpation/palpitation Palpation- examination technique using hand’s to feel texture, size, consistency, and location Palpitation- pounding/racing heart Prostate/Prostrate Prostate- male gland Prostrate- collapse and be lying flat or to be overcome with exhaustion Pyel/o; py/o; pyr/o Pyel/o- renal pelvis Py/o- pus Pyr/o- fever or fire Supination/Suppuration Supination- rotating arm so that palm is upward/forward Suppuration- formation or discharge of pus Triage/Trauma Triage- medical screening of patient to determine priority of needs and place of treatment Trauma- wound or injury Viral/Virile Viral- pertaining to a virus Virile- having the nature/properties/qualities of an adult male

Important Terms to Know Sign- objective evidence; it is measurable/evaluated; vital signs Symptom- subjective evidence; reported and can only be evaluated by the patient; pain/headache Syndrome- set of signs and symptoms that occur together with a specific disease; Migraines (headaches, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, pupil changes) Diagnosis- identification of a disease Differential diagnosis- to rule out (R/O) by identifying several diseases that could be producing the signs and symptoms Prognosis- prediction of probable course/outcome

Important Terms to Know Acute- rapid onset; short duration Chronic- condition of long duration Remission- temporary/partial/complete disappearance of a symptoms of a disease Disease- condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally Eponym- disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first Acronym- word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term

DISCUSSION Read the discussion question # 1 and 2 on p. 20 in your medical terminology book Briefly jot down your response and be prepared to discuss in class.

Assignment Chapter 1 Worksheet p. 1- 6 Matching Word Parts 1 True/False Word Surgery Matching Word Parts 3 Matching Word Parts 4 Clinical Conditions Matching Terms and Definitions 1 Which is the Correct Medical Term Challenge Word Building Matching Terms and Definitions 2 Which Word? YOU ARE SKIPPING DEFINITIONS; SENTENCE COMPLETION; Spelling Counts Matching Terms Term Selection

Assignment Chapter 1 StudyWare Quiz You can take it up to 3 times and I will accept the highest score You must show your score to me before logging out!