Colonial Society in the 18th Century

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Colonial Society in the 18th Century

Population Growth European immigrants continued to come form Great Britain as well as German, Scot-Irish, Huguenots, Dutch, and Swedes Diversity in the colonies was growing quickly Africans made up the largest portion of the population of non-English speaking people—90% lived in the south as slaves

Colonial Families Men Women Center and figure head Primary Land owners Unlimited power Average had 8 children Educators within the household Cooking, cleaning, clothes- making, and medical care Worked along side husband

The Economy Successful focus in the colonies was based upon work which allowed for social mobility and lack an inherited aristocracy. New England: Logging, shipbuilding, fishing, trading, rum-distilling, and subsistence farming Middle Colonies: Small manufacturing and small scale farming (under 200 acres) Southern Colonies: Cash crop and self-sufficient plantations

Religion Protestant Denominations most popular Anglicans or those who followed the Church of England tended to be farmers and merchants and was seen as a symbol of English control Congregationalists were the successors to the Puritans saw the church as the ultimate authority

Great Awakening Strong movement of religious feeling and expression Jonathan Edwards: Congregational Reverend initiated the movement in Massachusetts George Whitefield traveled the colonies giving passionate sermons Caused political and religious divisions

Education New England: Emphasis on the Bible and first tax supported schools—primary schools were required in towns with over 50 families Middle Colonies: Church supported or privately funded—teachers often lived with students Southern Colonies: Parents educated children themselves or with tutors—focus on the family Higher Education grew with the Great Awakening

Growth of National Characteristics Newspapers grew rapidly and were distributed weekly Ran the risk of being accused of libel Zenger case gives first ideas of freedom of the press National Character Emerged Politics and limited government Voting People seeking to improve their lives