The Civil War Chapter 5

The Confederacy began to form a government design a currency build an army and navy built factories to manufacture munitions

North’s Advantages twice as many people more industry and manufacturing more railroads had ships and a navy to blockade the southern ports well established governments banks and gold reserves grew more food

South’s Advantages the war was fought on southern soil, so they were fighting in familiar territory boys often went to military school men who were serving in the U.S. Army came home and joined the Confederate army

Fort Sumter Northern troops controlled the fort in Charleston, South Carolina North refused to surrender to the South Confederate troops fired on the fort April 13, 1861 the North surrendered The Civil War began

Alabama during the War Approximately 90,000 Alabama men and boys were in the Confederate armies. Churches and government tried to find food for the hungry Store supplies cost lots of money Inflation made Confederate money worth little, so most people bartered for goods

Alabama during the War Confederate troops requisitioned supplies when they went through an area. Federal troops invaded Athens and Huntsville. Union raiders rode deep into the state cutting railroad lines, destroying iron furnaces, and disrupting society.

Mobile The port allowed supplies to be imported with the help of blockade runners. guns, medicines, and other supplies were brought in by ships

Casualties Disease took the greatest number of lives during the war. typhoid, dysentery, and gangrene Men, weakened by wounds and hunger were likely to be sick.

Blacks in the War free blacks and runaway slaves joined the Union army and navy won admiration of white officers for their bravery some slaves went to battle for their masters dug the fortifications around Mobile drove wagons, washed clothes, cooked, and tended the horses former slaves aided northern troops

Emancipation Proclamation President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863. It freed the slaves.

Women in the War Some women helped nurse wounded men on the battlefield. Wives at home were told to raise all the food and not spend any money. Some depended on trusted slaves to run the farm and raise food. Some were sent to live with family.

Battle of Mobile Bay Union ships sailed over torpedoes into Mobile Bay. The navy engaged the Confederate forces. Confederate forces were out numbered, but continued to fight. The North won and controlled Mobile Bay. They took over Mobile the next spring.

Wilson’s Raid He headed to Selma to destroy the naval arsenal and Confederate manufacturing. Confederate general Nathan Bedford Forrest had about 3,000 poorly armed and untrained men to defend Selma. Wilson had a repeating rifle that could be fired seven times. Forrest had single-shot rifles that had to be reloaded each time.

Wilson’s Raid He defeated Confederate troops in Selma. As he was moving to raid Montgomery, Wilson heard that Confederate general, Robert E. Lee, surrendered. The surrender was signed at Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia on April 9, 1865.

Battle of Blakeley Spanish Fort and Fort Blakeley were the reason Union forces had not been able to take Mobile. Union troops overran Spanish Fort and Fort Blakeley. Mobile surrendered on May 5, 1865. The war was over.