World War I SSUSH15: Section 7.3

The Roots of War Nations in Europe got involved in an race to have the best army Formed alliances 1914- Arch Duke Francis Ferdinand (Austria Hungary) was shot in a parade in Serbia Serbia was allied with Russia

Alliances Central Powers Triple Entente Germany England Austria-Hungary Italy Triple Entente England France Russia

US Neutrality President Woodrow Wilson did not want to go to war US became neutral- not helping either side US people split Immigrants supported Central Powers White Americans supported Triple Entente

Submarine Warfare Germans invented the U-boat and warned nations not to sail to England or they would shoot- Unrestricted submarine warfare US continued sending ships because they were neutral US was secretly sending weapons on curise ships Lusitania as sunk, 1200 people died- 1917

Zimmerman Telegram 1917- Author Zimmerman from Germany sent a telegram to Mexico asking them to attack the US if the US attacked Germany Promised to give Mexico back the land the US took in Mexican American War US intercepted the note Final straw- US declares war on Germany Selective Service Act= Draft

Stale mate For 3 years the war was a tie Soldiers stuck in trenches because of the new machine guns- did not change tactics The US was the tie breaker for the Triple Entente 1918 Armistice was signed- stop all fighting

Wilson’s 14 points Leaders met in Paris to discuss peace, Wilson brought a plan called the 14 points Reduction in arms, independence for colonies, league of nations League of Nations set up to help decide arguments without war

Treaty of Versailles November 11th at 11 am. (veterans day) England and France demanded Germany take full responsibility Pay back money to England and France No military allowed at all Loss of territory US never signed the treaty- did not want to join League of Nations- WHY??

Impact of the War in Europe 8 million Europeans died (5,000 per day) Europe destroyed Germans very bitter because their nation and economy destroyed

Impact of the War in the US Government used movies and flyers to get support of the war Encouraged citizens to conserve Espionage and Sedition Acts Illegal to interfere with draft or make disloyal statements about the government Eugene Debs got 10 years in prison Great Migration- blacks moved to northern cities because jobs were available during the war