Acids And Bases Ms. DeMartin

Arrhenius Theory Acids are substances which produce hydrogen ions in solution. Bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution.

What Types of acids Do we know about?

Common Acids hydrochloric acid HCl sulfuric acid H2 SO4 acetic acid C2H4O2 nitric acid HNO3 citric acid C6H8O7

What do we know about Bases?

Common Bases to know sodium bicarbonate Sodium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Magnesium hydroxide Barium hydroxide Ammonium

How to determine the strength of the acid pH Scale I substance contains a pH higher than 7 is a base I substance contains a pH lower than 7 is an Acid

Neutralization Reactions 1. Sulfuric acid is used to neutralize calcium hydroxide: H2SO4 + Ca(OH) 2  CaSO4 + 2H2O 2. Phosphoric acid helps to neutralize the compounds that cause rust, such as iron(II) hydroxide. H3PO4 + 3Fe(OH)2  Fe3(PO4)2 + 6H2O NEUTRALIZATION: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_P5hGzA6Vb0 See page 263 (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Neutralization Reactions Neutralization reactions occur when an acid (most compounds starting with H) and a base (most compounds ending in OH) react to form a salt and water. Neutralization reactions are a type of double replacement. Acid + base  salt + water HX + MOH  MX + H2O where X and M are elements See page 263 (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

Now You Try In your group Make a list of 10 things that can be found in your house that are acidic Make a list of 10 things that can be found in your house that are basic. The group with the most different ones that other groups do not have will receive a prize tomorrow!!!