Emergency Preparedness Rule of 3s Emergency Preparedness Manager MIKE BAMBERGER 541-737-4713 michael.bamberger@orgeonstate.edu emergency.oregonstate.edu Emergency Preparedness Rule of 3s

Emergency Preparedness Truisms Incidents should be handled at the lowest level of capability. We need to do routine things routinely. Or: don’t treat everything as a crisis Individuals have seconds to respond. First responders have minutes. Organizations will take hours to organize response and follow on recovery actions. You can only depend upon what you have today during a disaster. If you receive additional assistance during a disaster, consider that a bonus to your preparedness. Oregon State University

Let’s talk about preparedness… How To Prepare Given the hazards and preparedness level in your community, experts suggest keeping an emergency kit with enough supplies to last a minimum of two weeks. Corvallis, OR Your Community’s Recovery Experts project it could take several months to restore your community to its normal function based on damage to pipes, infrastructure, and the transportation corridors needed for recovery efforts. http://www.opb.org/news/widget/aftershock-find-your-cascadia-earthquake-story/ Oregon State University

Step 1 – Develop your personal plan What are your risks? Family members Medication Pets Home to work (e.g.. Do you have to cross a river) Utilities Natural Hazards Supplies Food Water Shelter Tools Plan for work, home, school, car Oregon State University

The important thing is to do something! Step 2 - Reduce your risk Prioritize what you will do Making a plan Training Stockpile Retrofit/construction Do a little bit at a time Research before you buy Buy a little food each month Work on water one month Work on emergency contacts one month The important thing is to do something! Oregon State University

Use the Rule of 3’s to guide planning You can live – 3 Seconds without blood 3 minutes without air 3 hours without shelter 3 days without water 3 weeks without food Oregon State University

Other planning guidance Time Immediate need (minutes to hours) Longer term (days to weeks) Quality Quantity As time goes on, more resources become available Don’t plan on the community to have systemic care available for 3 days Oregon State University

3 Seconds without blood, 3 minutes without air Take First Aid training Take CPR training Purchase First Aid Materials Buy a kit with contents that you know how to use Build a kit if commercial kits give you too many “extra” things Don’t forget the animals! Oregon State University

3 hours without shelter Clothing Sleeping and living Warm Dry Seasonal Sleeping and living Community shelter Tarp, Tent, Canopy For each family member Change sizes as growth continues! Pack in plastic bags to keep dry Emergency Shelter Poncho Space blanket (mylar) Oregon State University

3 days without water Plan for 14 days / 30 days if on Coast 1 gallon per person per day ( and 1 gallon per pet per day) Hygiene Cooking First Aid Drinking Storage of water 1 gallon = 8.3 pounds Purifying vs Filtering Oregon State University

Water Storage (Quantity) Use metal bottles Use BPA free containers Use Lexan containers Glass containers break easily Do not use milk jugs or similar materials Water can be found in your hot water heater Turn off in-coming lines in order not to contaminate your water supply Confirm with utilities if water is safe to drink (may take 3 days for them to know after an earthquake) Rotate water or apply preservative Store in cool, non-sunny location Oregon State University

Storage Containers (Quantity) WaterBrick Oregon State University

Water Quality Filter – Mechanically removes contaminants. Most filters, depending upon the filter pore size, can remove everything but viruses. Carefully read the manufacturer instructions to learn about capability   Purify – Kills viruses and some bacteria but not all bacteria. Does not remove bad tastes or debris   Purify Filter Boil X Disinfectant Filter devices Filter + disinfectant Oregon State University

Pore size = removes Cryptosproidium & Giardia Mechanical Devices Pore size = removes Cryptosproidium & Giardia Katadyn TRK Drip Gravidyn Water Filter Oregon State University http://www.practicalsurvivor.com/emergencywaterfiltration

Oregon State University http://www.advancedwaterfilters.com/buying-guide-reverse-osmosis-systems/

Amount of Bleach to Add to Water Chemical Amount of Water % Sodium Hypochlorite Amount of Bleach to Add to Water 1 quart or liter 1% 10 drops 1 gallon 40 drops 2 quarts or liters 4-6% 4 drops 1 gallon or 4 liters 8 drops or 1/8 teaspoon 2.5 gallons 3/8 teaspoon 5 gallons 3/4 teaspoon 7 gallons 1 teaspoon 15 gallons 2 teaspoons 55 gallons 1/8 cup 7-10% 1 drop Unknown Note: If the water is cloudy, murky, colored, or very cold, DOUBLE the amount of bleach added. Oregon State University

Other Steripen Oregon State University

3 weeks without food Plan for a mix of food types No cook – eat out of wrapper Canned goods MREs Food bars Rehydrate – can still be eaten without heat Dehydrated Freeze dried Cook Needed to kill germs/bacteria Eat Refrigerator and Freezer first Mmmmm Ice Cream! Remember Food Allergies! Don’t pack food you won’t eat Oregon State University

What to look for Long storage life Little cooking required Durable packaging Up to 2,800 calories/day for males, 2,200 calories/day for females A rounded diet Protein Fruit Vegetables Sweets Oregon State University

What is the difference? FREEZE DRIED FOODS PROS: CONS: DEHYDRATED FOOD Freeze drying involves freezing the food, then removing almost all the moisture in a vacuum chamber, and finally sealing the food in an airtight container. PROS: CONS: Long shelf life (cans – 25 years, packages – 7 years) Very lightweight, very low moisture Reconstitutes quickly, low preparation time Best way to dry meat items Generally tastes better than dehydrated Retains original shape, texture, color after reconstitution Requires no refrigeration Retains much nutritional value Most expensive food storage option Most items require water to prepare Items are bulkier than if dehydrated If purchased in Mylar pouches, they’re susceptible to puncture DEHYDRATED FOOD Dehydrating is a method of preservation in which a food is dried or dehydrated PROS: CONS: No waste Lightweight Long shelf life Not easily spoiled Requires water to prepare Some items lose taste after reconstitution Some items take a long time to reconstitute Dehydration process can affect nutritional value Oregon State University

Storage Containers Oregon State University

Output (Pee and Poo) Don’t put anything down the pipes until you are sure the pipes are intact Health issues Burying human waste Health laws Clay soil Rodents, Flies, Disease Could be months to a year without sanitation system Several options Pre-built camping toilets Bucket system Need to plan it now, not later Oregon State University

Oregon State University http://www.phlush.org/nine-actions-for-you-to-take/

Other considerations Leather gloves (for moving debris) Pry bar Tarps (cover openings in your house) Solar power cell phone chargers Generator Gasoline storage Cooking stoves Wood Fuel Solar Oregon State University

Learn When and How to turn off Utilities Electrical Gas Water Oregon State University

Develop preparedness kit Home Work/School Keep in car? Keep in knapsack and evacuate with you? Different then at home – can you live off of it if you cannot get home? How will you transport your kit? Travel to Coast often? Tsunami – hours to days 7-14 days in general is a good planning figure Oregon State University

Preparedness Kits Portable Survivable Don’t forget fun Hurricane Isaac Portable Backpack Not shopping bags Survivable Totes Garbage can Don’t forget fun Games Books Don’t forget the pets! http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/9509877/Hurricane-Isaac-a-victim-not-once-or-twice-but-three-times.html Oregon State University

Information Emergency.oregonstate.edu Oregon State University

…….now take a big breath and relax A little bit of preparedness goes a long way! Questions? Oregon State University