Cells 1. cells

Characteristic Eukaryotic Prokaryotic Nucleus X Cell Membrane Membrane Bound Organelles Plant Animal Bacteria DNA DNA in nucleus Simple Complex Recently evolved Ancient

3. a. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell b. provides protection and support c. Control center d. Produce proteins e. Powerhouse of the cell f. Modify, sort, and package proteins g. Capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy h. storage

4. Cell wall, chloroplasts, LARGE CENTRAL vacuole 5. Process in which cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks osmosis- diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane diffusion-particles move from an area of more concentration to an area of less concentration active transport- energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference 7. When it reaches equilibrium=isotonic solution

8. a. splitting of cytoplasm b. Product of mitosis c. Growing, preparing for division d. Making new cells e. N= single set of chromosomes f. 2N= pairs of chromosomes g. Made of DNA, carry genetic information h. Half of a chromosome

9. Exactly the same as the parent 10. cancer 46 12. 23, 46 13 & 14. Interphase- cell growth and DNA replication Prophase- chromatin condenses into chromosomes, centrioles separate, spindle forms Metaphase- chromosomes line up at the middle Anaphase- sister chromatids separate and begin to move apart Telophase- chromosomes gather at opposite ends, two nuclear envelope will form Cytokinesis- cytoplasm pinches in half, each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes 15. Same as you start with

Photosynthesis and cell respiration 1. Adenosine Triphosphate, by breaking the bonds between the phosphate groups light 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 , reactants on left side of arrow products on right side of the arrow 6C6H12O6 + O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy reactants on left side of arrow, products on right side of the arrow Makes their own food- plants, some bacteria, some protists Obtains energy from the food it consumes, impalas, people 5. In the chloroplasts, in the mitochondria 6. With oxygen, without oxygen